不同株型作物氮素组分时空分布遥感监测机理研究

项目名称： 不同株型作物氮素组分时空分布遥感监测机理研究

项目编号： No.40801122

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 建筑科学

项目作者： 谭昌伟

作者单位： 扬州大学

项目金额： 19万元

中文摘要： 针对当前作物氮素遥感监测精度受株型影响这一亟待解决的实际问题和作物生产需求。本研究选取紧凑型、中间型和披散型作物作为研究对象，利用多年份、多地点实测数据，采用光谱微分技术、光谱匹配技术、多元统计分析技术和基于光谱位置变量的分析技术以及化学计量学算法和光学模型，探讨不同株型作物氮素组分时空分布遥感监测方法与机理，以期实现作物氮素状况的遥感监测，加强预报机理并提高精度。首先开展作物株型光谱监测研究；其次进行不同株型作物氮素时空分布遥感监测研究，分析氮素在时间维和空间维上的分布规律，研究不同株型不同叶位空间分层氮素组分与遥感参量间的定量关系，筛选监测氮素组分的敏感波段、光谱特征参量和关键时期，探讨氮素组分的垂直分布特征、梯度形成规律及其光谱响应机理，构建和验证基于株型特征的氮素组分遥感监测模型。最后，集成研究成果，初步开发了作物长势遥感监测系统。

中文关键词： 氮素；株型；遥感；时空；监测模型

英文摘要： This paper based on the practical problems solved about remote sensing estimate the current crop of nitrogen accuracy affected by crop plant type and crop production needs.This study selected three kinds of crop type (compact, intermediate, and loose type), using multi-year, multi-site measured data. In order to achieve the monitoring of crop nitrogen status, strengthen forecasting mechanism and improve accuracy,the spectral differential technique, spectral matching techniques, multivariate statistical analysis techniques and variables based on spectral position analytical techniques and chemometric algorithms and optical model were selected to explore remote sensing methods and mechanisms of the spatial and temporal distribution of nitrogen in the different crop plant type. Firstly, crop plant type spectrum monitoring were carry out, secondly, studying the different spatial and temporal distribution of nitrogen in plant type, analysis of the nitrogen distribution of the different plant type in the time dimension and space dimension and the quantitative relationship between parameters and the different leaf nitrogen components in the different spatial layering and plant type,screening the distribution of nitrogen components sensitive bands,spectral parameters and the critical period of crop,discussing the vertical distribution of nitrogen components, gradient formation mechanism of the law and its spectral response were to build and validate the monitoring model of nitrogen component based on plant type characteristics.Finally, this research was to preliminarily develop a system for monitoring crop growth status based on remote sensing.

英文关键词： nitrogen concentration; plant type; remote sensing; temporal and spatial; monitoring model