电阻率成像法在非均质土壤特性监测及土壤水文过程研究中的应用

项目名称： 电阻率成像法在非均质土壤特性监测及土壤水文过程研究中的应用

项目编号： No.41271237

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 马东豪

作者单位： 中国科学院南京土壤研究所

项目金额： 75万元

中文摘要： 土壤空间异质性，及其导致的土壤特性和土壤水文过程的尺度依赖性问题是土壤水文学当前面临的最为重要的挑战之一，而多尺度观测技术却是制约尺度问题解决的瓶颈。以电阻率成像技术为代表的地球物理方法则提供了这样一种多尺度无损连续监测方法，基于电阻率成像法的非饱和带水文过程研究已经成为近年研究的热点问题之一。本项目针对目前非饱和带电阻率成像法在变异源监测、电阻率反演过程中存在的一些问题，拟通过对土壤电阻率与其他土壤特性的关系，电阻率成像法监测参数配置，视电阻率反演方法的研究，明确电阻率成像法在各种情况下监测土壤特性异质性的可靠性，提出针对各类土壤变异源的最优电阻率成像法监测参数配置和反演方法；并据此发展田间多尺度的土壤结构和土壤水力特性参数的确定方法，揭示土壤特性和土壤水文过程的空间异质性及其尺度依赖性规律，建立土壤特性参数及土壤水文过程模型的尺度转换方法。

中文关键词： 土壤水文过程；尺度问题；电阻率成像法；土壤水力特性；土壤水分监测

英文摘要： Soil spatial heterogeneity and the dependency of soil properties and hydrological processes on scale caused by it is one of the most important challenges faced by soil hydrology. Lacking technologies concerning multi-scale monitoring in situ is the bottleneck to resolve such scale problems. Electrical resistivity tomography(ERT), one kind of geophysical technology, can provide multi-scale, undisturbed, and even time-lapse monitoring in situ. Studies on soil hydrological processes in vadose zone based on ERT have been one of the hottest spots in soil physics in recent years. According to the unsolved problems occurring in monitoring sources of variations in vadose zone and inversing soil resistivity using ERT, this project will be conducted to systemically study the influences of other soil properties on soil resistivity, configuration of ERT monitoring and approaches to invert soil resistivity. On of the target is to find when and how the ERT can be used to obtain soil properties and their spatial heterogeneity, and which configuration of monitoring and inversing method are the optimum to accurately detect some different sources of soil variations. Furthermore, methods based on monitoring by ERT, soil physical principles and hydrogeophysical inversions will be also studied to characterize soil structure and dete

英文关键词： Soil hydrological process；Scale problem；Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT)；Soil hydraulic properties；Soil moisture monitoring