核酸适配体生物传感器基础研究中若干重要问题的化学计量学应用

项目名称： 核酸适配体生物传感器基础研究中若干重要问题的化学计量学应用

项目编号： No.21305061

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 王勇

作者单位： 南昌大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 与传统抗体生物传感器相比，核酸适配体生物传感器因其诸多优点近来引起了分析化学家极大的关注，已成为生化分析的热点话题。然而在核酸适配体传感器的基础研究领域仍然面临着一些重要的挑战，例如：一些分子常常会对所构建的传感器产生交互作用；绝大多数开发出的传感器在复杂实际样品中抗干扰能力差；性能优良的多组分传感器还有待进一步开发；在利用纳米探针构建传感器的过程中如何将适配体固定在纳米材料上；适配体与靶分子的内在结合机理等。围绕以上关键科学问题，本项目旨在结合化学计量学方法，以光谱分析、动力学分析和电化学分析为主要实验手段，研发能在复杂实际样品中应用的单组份或多组分核酸适配体生物传感器，建立研究核酸适配体在纳米材料上的固定过程和靶分子与核酸适配体之间内在结合机理的新方法。相信化学计量学的应用将会成为核酸适配体传感器基础研究领域中的一个新亮点，同时这些工作也将推动化学计量学自身的跨越式发展。

中文关键词： 化学计量学；生物传感器；复杂体系分析；；

英文摘要： When compared to traditional biosensors based on antibodies, biosenors based on nucleic acid aptamers have recently attracted considerable interest due to many advantages, and have already become a hot topic in bioanalysis. However, basic studies of aptasensors still face several important challenges: for example, some molecules often produce cross-reactivity in the established aptasensors, most developed aptasensors are not applicable to detection in complex real samples due to bad anti-interference ability, aptasensors with high performance still need to be further developed, how immobilization of aptamers to nanomaterials in constructing nanomaterial-based aptasensors, and intrinsic binding mechanism between aptamers and their targets. To solve the key scientific problems mentioned above, the project will aim at carrying out various experimental means mainly including spectral analysis, kinetic analysis and electroanalysis to construct one-component or multicomponent aptasensors which can be applicable to detection in complex real samples by use of chemometrics methods, and establishing new methods to investigate immobilization of aptamers to nanomaterials and intrinsic binding mechanism between aptamers and their target molecules. It is believed that application of chemometrics methods will become a new h

英文关键词： Chemometrics；Biosensors；Complex Systems Analysis；；