黑土区土壤养分径流迁移物理过程解析与模型研究

项目名称： 黑土区土壤养分径流迁移物理过程解析与模型研究

项目编号： No.41301288

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 董文财

作者单位： 东北农业大学

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 我国东北黑土区土壤侵蚀及养分流失直接威胁到国家的粮食战略安全，由于黑土区独特的降雨特征和近地表土壤水文条件，不能简单借鉴和应用世界其它地区的研究成果。本研究针对我国黑土区径流养分流失研究相对薄弱的现状，基于黑土区降雨特征和近地表土壤水文条件进行室内人工模拟降雨和野外原位监测试验研究，结合试验结果进行理论分析。揭示径流养分迁移主要影响因素：降雨强度、坡面坡度、近地表土壤水文条件、土壤初始含水量、地面覆盖度和植被类型对黑土区养分径流迁移的作用机理。提出黑土区典型土壤养分氮、磷和钾迁移参数确定方法。根据土壤养分与水分互作效应，建立土壤养分垂直、水平迁移机理模型和地表径流迁移机理模型，明确土壤养分随壤中流和地表径流迁移的交互关系，建立黑土区土壤养分融合壤中流与地表径流的径流迁移机理模型。丰富、完善我国黑土区径流养分流失规律研究。其理论成果有助于我国东北黑土区粮食生产和生态建设的健康发展。

中文关键词： 黑土区；径流；土壤养分；养分迁移；机理模型

英文摘要： Serious soil erosion and nutrient loss which direct threat tonational strategies for food security in the black soil region of Northeast China. The other research findings cannot be simply borrowed and applied directly due to the unique characteristics of rainfall and near-surface soil hydrological conditions. This project carry out indoor artifical simulating rainfall experiments and outdoor in situ monitoring nutrient loss with runoff experimrnts base on the black soil area rainfall characteristics, near-surface soil hydrological conditions and unsubstantial study of nutrient loss vie runoff in the black soil region of Northeast China. Put up the theoretical analysis with the test results,reveal the effection on black soil nutrient transport vie runoff of main factors: rainfall intensity, slope gradient, near-surface soil hydrological conditions, initial soil water content, ground cover and vegetation type. Provide a new approach to determine the parameters for typical soil nutrients nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the black soil region. According to the soil nutrient and water interaction, establish soil nutrient vertical, horizontal transfer mechanism model and surface runoff model, Find out the interactive relationship between soil nutrient transport with interflow and surface runoff. Develop soil nut

英文关键词： the black soil region；runoff；soil nutrient；nutrient transportation；mechanism model