多功能棉纤维的制备及其识别并吸附水体重金属镉的机理研究

项目名称： 多功能棉纤维的制备及其识别并吸附水体重金属镉的机理研究

项目编号： No.21307083

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 环境科学、安全科学

项目作者： 刘长坤

作者单位： 深圳大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 水体中的重金属镉是一种毒性极强的累积型环境污染物，严重危害人类健康，迫切需要可及时发现并将其快速去除的一体化处理。本项目将采用棉纤维作为基质材料，利用两阶段SI-ATRP（表面引发原子转移自由基聚合）方法在其表面接枝两种高分子的共聚链段，并对其进行胺基改性，制备对镉兼备识别及吸附功能的多功能材料。本项目主要研究内容包括多功能棉纤维的制备条件及优化，性能表征，识别及吸附镉的特性及机理研究，以及动态识别/吸附实验。本项目拟采用X-射线光电子能谱（XPS）、X-射线吸收精细光谱（XAFS）等分析手段深入阐明其识别及吸附机理，对镉与多功能棉纤维之间可能存在的络合、静电、物理吸附等作用予以阐明，对识别及吸附过程中镉与识别、吸附基团之间络合结构的变化规律进行深入探讨。该项目研究的多功能棉纤维对快速识别及高效吸附重金属镉具有很好的应用前景，其识别与吸附机理研究将为其他多功能材料的结构设计提供理论基础。

中文关键词： 吸附；识别；高分子接枝；棉纤维；镉

英文摘要： Cadmium (Cd), as one of the heavy metal ions in water, is a toxic and persistent pollutant to the environment and human health. It needs to be detected and simultaneously removed with the integrated technology. This project will prepare a multi-functional material with cotton fiber as the substrate, from which two different polymer chains are grafted through the Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (SI-ATRP) technology, and subsequently chemically modified by amine groups to obtain two functions - detection and adsorption of cadmium. The main research contents will include the optimization of the multi-functional cotton fiber (MFCF)'s preparation, the characterization of MFCF, performance and mechanism of Cd detection / adsorption with MFCF, and dynamic Cd detection / adsorption experiments. The analytical methods including X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS) will be used to illustrate the detection and adsorption mechanism, including the explanation of the coordination, electrostatic force, and physical adsorption that may possibly exist between Cd and MFCF, and discussion of the changes for the coordination structure during Cd detection and adsorption. The multi-functional cotton fiber of this project would have a great prospect of application in

英文关键词： Adsorption；Detection；Polymer grafting；Cotton fiber；Cadmium