项目名称: 神经活动对小鼠眼优势发育的影响及其机制
项目编号: No.31271158
项目类型: 面上项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 生物科学
项目作者: 张嘉漪
作者单位: 复旦大学
项目金额: 85万元
中文摘要: 视皮层眼优势柱是研究神经环路发育和可塑性的重要模型之一。正常的视觉神经活动是视觉通路发育的必要条件,视觉剥夺可导致视皮层细胞光反应及细胞形态的异常,阻碍视皮层眼优势柱的发育。和人类和猴子不同的是,小鼠的视皮层缺乏眼优势柱。为深入了解神经活动如何影响眼优势柱,以及其作用机制,本项目以小鼠为模型,用光遗传学技术长期控制双眼神经节细胞的活动,并通过改变光刺激在双眼的同步性,观察视皮层的眼优势解剖结构以及功能性结构的变化。同时,用NMDA受体视皮层敲出小鼠研究神经活动作用于眼优势柱的机制。通过这些实验,能深入了解神经活动在视觉通路发育过程中的作用及其机制,为纠正弱视等视觉功能异常提供实验依据。
中文关键词: 视网膜投射;视皮层;外膝体;视觉环路发育;方向选择性
英文摘要: Ocular dominance columns (ODC) in visual cortex are established model system for exploring how precise circuits develop in central nervous system and their sensory plasticity. Normal retinal activity and visual experience play an important role in visual map development. Monocular deprivation leads to shift in both anatomical and functional ocular dominance responses. Unlike humans and monkeys, visual cortex in mice lack ODC. In order to examine how retinal activity drives the development of ODC, we use optogenetic techniques to chronically manipulate binocular activities in mice. By changing the synchrony in binocular activity using light stimuli, we can observe the anatomical and functional changes in the visual cortex. Meanwhile, we can study the mechanism for changes in ODC caused by retinal activities with NMDA conditional knock-out mice. These experiments can provide direct evidence for how neural activities drive the development of visual maps, as well as potential therapies for ophthalmological diseases such as amplyopia.
英文关键词: retinal projection;visual cortex;dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus;development of visual circuit;direction selectivity