风沙静电场作用下带电沙尘暴对电磁波传播过程的影响

项目名称： 风沙静电场作用下带电沙尘暴对电磁波传播过程的影响

项目编号： No.11302111

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 李兴财

作者单位： 宁夏大学

项目金额： 28万元

中文摘要： 沙尘暴因其对区域气候与环境、人类日常生活、地外星球探测活动的重要影响而受到科研人员的广泛关注，并被采用遥感技术或光学仪器以获取其颗粒粒径及宏观结构参数，但其精度建立在对颗粒光学性质的准确认识基础之上。运动沙粒表面携带大量静电荷，并使得沙尘暴内部形成强度高达200kV/m的静电场。已有文献就沙粒表面电荷增强入射电磁波传播过程中的衰减程度的重要影响进行研究，但没有考虑风沙静电场的作用，更没有考虑强风沙静电场作用下主要成分是石英的沙尘颗粒光学性质的变化，从而无法准确预测沙尘暴中电磁波传播特性。本项目将致力于这一问题的分析和研究。项目研究内容安排如下：1）基于试验测量和理论建模的方法讨论沙尘暴中强静电场对沙尘颗粒物光学性质的影响规律及其机制；2）建立相关理论模型分析强静电环境下局部带电非球形颗粒物电磁散射性质；3）通过数值模拟手段预测不同强度沙尘暴过程（不同静电场强度）中不同频段电磁波的衰减程度。

中文关键词： 沙尘带电；散射；等效介质；风沙电场；遥感

英文摘要： The sandstorm has drawn close attenuation of the researchers owing to its important effects on reginal climate environment, the people's daily life, extraterrestrial exploration.Some researchers have used the remote sensing technology and some optical instruments to obtain the particle size and the sandstorm's macro structure parameters,but the accuracy based on the precise understanding of particle's optical properties. The moving sand/dust particle carries some charges, and then result in an strong electric field which up to 200kV/m in sand/dust storm. Many researches have indicated the surface charge distributed on particle surface can enhance the scattering, absorbing, and the depolarization of the incident electromagnetic wave, but they all do not consider the effect of the wind-blown sand static electric field on the optical properties of sand/dust particle whose main constituent is quartz, and then do not accurately understanding the electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics on sandstorm. This project will be dedicated to the analysis and study of this problem. The research contents of this project are briefly listed as following: (1) the influences of wind-blown sand static electric field on the optical properties of sand/dust particle and its mechanism are studied based on the experimental measu

英文关键词： electric sand/dust；scattering；equivalent medium；wind-blown sand electric field；remote sensing