水肥处理对日光温室土壤硝态氮运移和温室气体排放的影响

项目名称： 水肥处理对日光温室土壤硝态氮运移和温室气体排放的影响

项目编号： No.51479198

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 水利工程

项目作者： 郝新梅

作者单位： 中国农业大学

项目金额： 82万元

中文摘要： 近年来，日光温室栽培面积在我国西北地区快速增加，而据估计未来还会以比较快的速度继续增加。随着温室栽培广泛应用而带来一系列的如土壤硝酸盐积累、土壤酸化和温室气体排放等环境问题越来越引起人们的注意。本项目拟通过持续监测不同土壤深度硝态氮、铵态氮含量，土壤CO2，N2O,CH4温室气体排放，在西北旱区日光温室开展不同水肥处理条件下土壤氮动态变化机理及温室气体排放规律的研究。以土壤硝态氮和铵态氮在土壤剖面分布的变化为基础，将土壤氮素运移模型与不确定性分析方法结合，建立一个能模拟预测我国西北旱区日光温室不同水肥处理下硝态氮的深层渗漏及地下水污染风险的数学模型。分析比较不同处理温室气体排放规律并探讨其与土壤性质之间的关系，应用生命周期分析方法评估西北日光温室不同水肥处理的全球暖化潜能。为指导温室灌溉施肥措施，实现日光温室蔬菜生产的可持续发展提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 水肥处理；土壤水盐运移；温室气体排放；日光温室

英文摘要： In recent years, acreage of solar greenhouses has increased greatly in arid region of Northwest China, and further increase with a great pace is expected in the near future. Environmental risks, such as nitrate accumulation in soils, soil acidification, and greenhouse gases(GHGs) emissions, arisen from widespread intensive cultivated solar greenhouses in the region, have increasingly gained concerns on sustainability of greenhouse practices. Impacts of different irrigation and fertilization practices on soil nitrate dynamics and GHGs emissions in a solar greenhouse located at arid region of Northwest China will be investigated. A risk model for evaluating potential groundwater contamination from accumulation of nitrate in soils will be developed based on integrating a process-based model for simulating soil nitrogen dynamics with uncertainty analysis approaches. Temporal change of GHGs emissions and their potential association with certain soil properties under different irrigation and fertilizaiton methods will be quantified, and global warming potentials of differetn irrigation and fertilization methods will be evaluated. The proposed study will help provide tools for evaluating soil environmental impacts of different management practices under solar greenhouse conditions, and is of great importance to achieving sustainability of solar greenhouse systems.

英文关键词： Irrigation and fertilization treatments;Soil water flow and solute transport;Greenhouse gases emissions;Solar greenhouse