正念疗法的脑默认网络切换机制研究

项目名称： 正念疗法的脑默认网络切换机制研究

项目编号： No.31300926

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 医药、卫生

项目作者： 陈壮飞

作者单位： 昆明理工大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 正念是一种有意识、非评判的对当前状态进行注意的方法，是一种可通过冥想训练获得的情绪调节状态或能力，其对心理障碍的疗效已得到证实，多项研究数据表明正念状态与默认网络有一定程度的关联，但不足以阐释其疗效机制。正念疗法的疗效关键在于个体与"内在经验和外在感受"之间关系的转换（去自动化），故该临床特征是研究其疗效机理的重要切入点和可能的突破口。围绕以下两个关键科学问题：(1)正念疗法对默认网络的影响如何？(2)默认网络功能连接的变化与正念疗法的核心即去自动化有何联系？且鉴于正念疗法对焦虑相关问题肯定的临床疗效，本项目拟以正念疗法对焦虑障碍的随访干预为媒介，在采用神经认知测试对去自动化程度进行量化评定的基础上，结合神经影像学和脑电研究，通过比较不同疗效组间、短期和中长期疗效组间上述指标的变化模式，探寻与正念疗效及特质正念相关的脑默认网络特征性变化，为进一步理解和阐释正念疗法的神经机制提供关键数据。

中文关键词： 正念；磁共振；前扣带皮层；网络；

英文摘要： Mindfulness is a form of self-awareness that described as "a state of being in the present moment and accepting things for what they are without judgement". It was a result of emotional self-regulation or even the ability itself. To most mental problems, the healing efficacy of mindfulness has been confirmed. Many studies presented correlationship between the state of mindfulness and default mode network (DMN). But the exact machinism was still uncovered. Central to the self-regulatory capacity of mindfulness is a fundamental shift in one's relationship with one's inner life and the outer world (deautomate). It could be a breakthrough in exploring the mechanism of healing. This project may focus on two points:(1)What effects could be induced on default model network by mindfuless? (2)How is the relationship between functional connectivity in DMN and deautomate? For there was a certain clinical effects to anxiety, mindfulness was used as a media in current follow-up study. In which, neurocognitive tests was used for quantifying deautomate. All variables combined with neuroimage and electroencephalogram (EEG) were used for charactorizing the DMN of groups with varied effecacy. The charactorized switch of DMN for clinical effecacy and trait mindfulness could help with understanding the neural bases of mindfulness.

英文关键词： mindfulness；MRI；ACC；network；