纳米Ni/Fe-生物炭复合材料对土壤多溴联苯醚吸附降解和生物有效性的作用机制

项目名称： 纳米Ni/Fe-生物炭复合材料对土壤多溴联苯醚吸附降解和生物有效性的作用机制

项目编号： No.41471259

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 地质学

项目作者： 方战强

作者单位： 华南师范大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 纳米颗粒在土壤污染修复中容易团聚氧化，导致其流动性、稳定性差，以及可能的二次环境污染风险是其应用的质疑焦点。本项目在纳米Ni/Fe颗粒降解多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）的工作基础上，以十溴联苯醚（BDE209）为目标物，采用生物炭负载修饰技术，制备纳米Ni/Fe-生物炭复合材料，通过土柱流动实验和沉降实验，研究生物炭对纳米Ni/Fe颗粒流动性和稳定性的影响规律及其作用机理。通过批量实验方法，研究生物炭对纳米Ni/Fe颗粒修复土壤BDE209反应活性的影响规律和作用机理。通过植物幼苗早期生长实验和植物盆栽实验，研究土壤－植物体系中BDE209及其降解产物的分布规律、土壤－植物体系中Ni和Fe迁移转化规律，阐明生物炭在纳米Ni/Fe颗粒修复土壤BDE209过程中对BDE209生物有效性的作用机制，为土壤污染纳米材料修复技术与理论发展提供支撑。

中文关键词： 土壤修复；多溴联苯醚；纳米颗粒；生物炭；生物有效性

英文摘要： Nanoparticles are easy agglomerated and oxidized in contaminated soil remediation, leading their mobility and stability to poor, and cause secondary environmental pollution risk, which have been the questioned focus for its application. Based on the effective degradation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) by Ni/Fe nanoparticles, the present proposed study intends to develop a biochar supported modification technology to synthesize nano Ni/Fe-biochar composites. Through the soil column experiments and sedimentation experiments, the effect and mechanism of biochar on the mobility and stability of Ni/Fe nanoparticles will be studied. Through the batch experiments, the influence and mechanism of biochar on the reactivity of Ni/Fe nanoparticles for decabromodiphenyl ether(BDE209) degradation in the soil will be determined.The pot experiments and early growth plant seedlings testes will be used in this work. On the comparative bioavaliability of BDE209 in the soils by nano Ni/Fe particles, biochar, nano Ni/Fe-biochar composites, the translocation of BDE209 and its degradation products in soil-plant system, the distribution of nickel and iron metal ion in soil-plant system, and the change of the structure and characteristics of the soils, the mechanisms of bioavailability for BDE209 in the soils by nano Ni/Fe-biochar composites will be identified. It will be important for the development of theory and technology of nanoremediation in contaminated soil.

英文关键词： Soil remediation;Polybrominated diphenyl ethers;Nanoparticles;Biochar;Bioavailability