生物焦对三种有机污染物的吸附机制及土壤修复机理研究

项目名称： 生物焦对三种有机污染物的吸附机制及土壤修复机理研究

项目编号： No.41271331

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 吕贻忠

作者单位： 中国农业大学

项目金额： 75万元

中文摘要： 【内容】生物焦是农业有机固体废气物资源化利用的研究热点之一。本项目通过选择不同来源的高有机碳固体废弃物，采用程序升温法来制备多种生物焦，利用先进的电子扫描技术、X衍射技术分析生物焦的结构特性，进而通过优化制作过程生产高吸附性能的生物焦；然后将生物焦与2,4-D，莠去津，苯进行等温和动力学吸附实验以及土壤修复实验，并对吸附前后的生物焦与污染物的复合物进行红外光谱、核磁共振等光谱分析，剖析生物焦对不同有机污染物的表面吸附过程；结合生物焦的结构特征和吸附特性，弄清生物焦对不同类型有机污染物的吸附机制，深入分析生物焦对土壤中不同有机污染物吸附-解吸规律，揭示其对土壤有机污染的净化修复机理。【意义】本项目利用多种现代分析手段深化生物焦的研究，从微观分子水平上研究生物焦结构特性与其吸附机制之间的内在关系，阐明生物对土壤有机污染的净化能力和机理，为土壤有机污染修复提供理论依据和方法，促进生物焦的应用。

中文关键词： 生物焦；有机污染物；吸附机理；土壤污染修复；阿特拉津

英文摘要： 【Contents】Biochar is one of the research hotspot of the resource utilization of agricultural organic solid wastes.In this project,at first by choosing different rich organic carbon solid wastes, a variety of biochars will be prepared by the use of temperature-programmed method; The scanning electron microscope, the X-ray diffraction technology will be used to analyze the structural properties of the biochar，and then by optimizing the production procedure to obtain fine biochars with high adsorption capacity. Secondly，using these biochars, a lot of isothermal and kinetics of adsorption experiments of biochar with different organic contaminants will be taken.The prepared biochar and the adsorption complex were analyzed by the infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to study the adsorption processes of different organic pollutants on the biochar molecules surface；then to clarify the adsorption mechanism of the biochar with different organic pollutants by combining with the structural characteristics and adsorption properties of the biochars. By deeply analyzing the laws of adsorption-desorption of organic pollutants with biochar in soil, and soil remediation experiments will be taken,it will reveal the soil organic pollution remediation mechanism during the application of biochars，and clar

英文关键词： Biochar；organic contaminants；adsorption mechanism；Remediation of soil pollution；Atrazine