海杂波中弱目标微动特征提取及检测技术研究

项目名称： 海杂波中弱目标微动特征提取及检测技术研究

项目编号： No.61201445

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 电子学与信息系统

项目作者： 张建

作者单位： 中国人民解放军海军航空工程学院

项目金额： 24万元

中文摘要： 海上目标随海面颠簸导致姿态变化，引起回波功率调制效应，同时存在平动和转动，导致回波多普勒特征体现时变和非平稳特性。为此，本项目拟将微多普勒理论应用于海杂波中弱目标检测，系统研究海杂波和海面微动目标回波建模方法，微动特征的增强与提取等技术，利用海面弱目标与海杂波的微动特征差异，提出目标检测方法，为进一步提高对低可观测海面目标的检测能力提供新思路。拟采取的研究方法：1）海杂波非Bragg散射回波和海面微动目标回波建模，并分析两者在时域、极化域、变换域（频域、FRFT域、HHT域）和稀疏域的微动特征；2）采用极化特征分解、变换域（FRFT、短时FRFT、分数阶模糊函数、HHT及其改进方法）和参数模型技术（时变参数模型法和稀疏表示法）对微动特征进行增强、提取与参数估计；3）寻找能够反映海面目标存在的微动特征，利用差异微动特征形成检测统计量，实现恒虚警检测，同时采用实测海杂波数据进行验证与性能分析。

中文关键词： 雷达目标检测；微多普勒；海杂波；海面目标；特征提取

英文摘要： The attitude of target at sea may vary with the fluctuation of sea surface and induce the effect of power modulation of radar echo. Then the Doppler reflects time-varying and nonstationary properties for the simultaneous translation and rotation movement. In this case, the research intends to apply micro-Doppler theory to weak target detection within sea clutter and systematically study the modelling methods of sea clutter and target with micro-motion at sea, the enhancement and extraction methods of micro-motion properties, et. al.. The differences of micro-motion properties between sea clutter and weak target at sea will be employed to propose detection methods for weak target in sea clutter, which can be provided for further improvement of detection abilities of low observable target at sea. The research methods include: (1) modelling of non-Bragg scattering of sea clutter and target with micro-motion at sea; analysis of micro-motion properties in time domain, polarization domain, transform domain (frequency, FRFT and HHT domain) and sparse domain; (2) enhancement, extraction and parameter estimation of micro-motion properties using polarization characteristics decomposition, transform methods (FRFT, short time FRFT, factional ambiguity, HHT and their improvement) and parameterization methods (time-varying pa

英文关键词： Radar target detection；Micro-Doppler；Sea clutter；Sea surface target；Signature extraction