项目名称: 界面水结构和性质对冰异质形核的影响
项目编号: No.11474325
项目类型: 面上项目
立项/批准年度: 2015
项目学科: 数理科学和化学
项目作者: 王强
作者单位: 中国科学院物理研究所
项目金额: 100万元
中文摘要: 冰的异质形核过程决定大气对流层中云的物理性质进而影响地球辐射平衡。在大量的悬浮气溶胶颗粒中,只有少部分能作为冰的有效异质形核质点。为澄清该问题,需要理解不同质点的尺寸、表面结构、表面-水相互作用特征、及表面水层的结构和性质在冰形核过程中的作用。相关基础研究内容是软凝聚态物理急需回答的前沿课题。本项目计划通过实验研究上述因素对冰异质形核温度和形核率的影响,系统探讨作为冰异质形核质点的条件。我们希望回答晶格失配模型在冰异质形核过程中的有效性;玻璃态溶胶在冰异质形核中的作用;特别是希望得到界面水结构和性质对冰异质形核的影响。
中文关键词: 水分子;软物质;颗粒物质
英文摘要: Heterogeneous ice nucleation strongly affect the micro-physical properties of mixed-phase clouds and then influence the global radiation budget. Recently, it is realized that only fewer atmospheric aerosols in coluds can effectively serve as ice nuclei. However, it is not well understood about the effects of aerosol size, surface properpties, aerosol-water interactions,and the properties and structure of interfacial water on heterogeneous ice nucleation. All these basic issues are frontier research program in soft matter physics.In this project, we plan to reveal the conditions of aerosol particles for effectively activating ice, through experimentally studying the effect of mentioned factors above on heterogeneous ice nucleation temperature and nucleation rate.We plan to mainly answer three queations, i.e. the effectiveness of concept of lattice mismatch in heterogeneous ice nucleation; the role of the vitrified atmospheric aerosols in the process of heterogeneous ice nucleation; and the influence of the structure and properties of interfacial water on heterogeneous ice nucleation.
英文关键词: water molecules;soft matter;granular matter