飞行器快速故障诊断与主动容错控制一体化设计方法研究

项目名称： 飞行器快速故障诊断与主动容错控制一体化设计方法研究

项目编号： No.61304110

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 自动化技术、计算机技术

项目作者： 刘利军

作者单位： 厦门大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 通过主动容错控制技术提高飞行器的安全性，已成为学术界和研究机构广泛关注的课题。主动容错控制是指根据故障诊断信息，自主改变飞行器控制器来提高飞行器的安全性。但是，由于飞行器发生故障后，可用的容错控制时间很短暂，而故障诊断的精确性与快速性往往自相矛盾，这成为主动容错控制实施的主要障碍。鉴于此，本项目将从两方面研究消除这一矛盾的方法。一方面研究提高故障诊断速度的方法，包括利用CFT方法给出飞行器部件的快速故障预警方法、在故障预警信息辅助下快速地在线辨识系统的方法、以及利用支持向量机对辨识得到的故障模型进行分类的方法；另一方面研究根据故障模型集合建立偏序鲁棒容错控制的方法，使主动容错控制可以依赖于故障模型集合而不是精确的故障模型，放宽对故障诊断精确性的要求。将快速故障诊断与偏序鲁棒容错控制进行一体化设计可有效消除故障诊断精确性与快速性的矛盾，促进飞行器主动容错控制技术的应用，提高安全性。

中文关键词： 故障检测与诊断；容错控制；CFT频谱分析；辅助测量系统；开源六旋翼飞行器

英文摘要： Great attentions have been paid on developing active fault-tolerant control technology to improve the safety of an aircraft in academia and research institutions. Active fault-tolerant control can change flight control according to the fault diagnosis to ensure the safety of the aircraft. However, because the available time for applying fault-tolerant control is very short after the aircraft suffering from a fault, the rapidity and accuracy of fault diagnosis are often contradictory, which becomes a major obstacle to the implementation of active fault tolerant control. Therefore, this proposal will focus on two aspects to solve this contradiction. On the one hand, the following methods will be studied to accelerate the speed of fault diagnosis. The CFT method will be improved to give fast fault warnings for the key parts of aircraft. With the aid of fault warning information, a fast online system identification method will be proposed. And the research on classification of fault models by using support vector machines will achieve rapid fault diagnosis. On the other hand, the partial ordered robust fault-tolerant control method will be studied for a set of fault models. The partial ordered robust fault-tolerant control method can active fault-tolerant control by relying on a set of fault models rather than preci

英文关键词： Fault detection and diagnosis；fault-tolerant control；CFT spectrum analysis；auxiliary measurement system；open-source hexacopter