有序介孔炭/聚苯胺高性能超级电容器电极材料的优化设计

项目名称： 有序介孔炭/聚苯胺高性能超级电容器电极材料的优化设计

项目编号： No.50872006

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 金属学与金属工艺

项目作者： 陈晓红

作者单位： 北京化工大学

项目金额： 34万元

中文摘要： 为满足高能量密度、高功率密度、长寿命的超级电容器对电极材料的要求，基于对电极的储能机制 和关键影响因素的分析，本课题拟将有序介孔炭（OMC）的高度循环稳定性和良好的大电流充放性能 与聚苯胺（PANI）的高比容量有效结合起来，开展有序介孔炭/聚苯胺复合电极材料的设计和制备。 从两方面入手着重解决PANI 循环稳定性的问题：合成纳米结构PANI（纳米颗粒，纳米线（管））， 改善其本征电化学性质；对OMC 或其前驱体（OMC/SiO2）进行表面改性处理，提高与原位聚合的纳米 PANI 的界面结合力。考察炭材料表面形态、结构、官能团含量、孔径大小和分布、添加量等对PANI 形态、表面性质和结构的影响，阐明苯胺在有序介孔炭表面均匀聚合的内在机制；研究复合电极材料 的电化学行为，揭示复合材料组成成分、制备工艺和参数、形态结构与其电化学性能间的相关性，获 得综合性能优越的超级电容器电极材料，为新型超级电容器的开发奠定基础。

中文关键词： 有序介孔炭；纳米聚苯胺；超级电容器；表面改性；吸附

英文摘要： In order to satisfy the demand to electrode materials for supercapacitors with high energy,high power density and longevity, the project will develop the design and preparation of ordered mesoporous carbon(OMC)/polyaniline composites by combining the high cycling stability and high current density during the doping/dedoping process. The problem of cycling stability of PANI will be solved from two ways:one is synthesizing the nanostructural PANI(nanoparticles,nanoline) to improve the electrochemistry property, the other is the surface modification for OMC or its precursor (carbon/silica composite) to enhance the interface combining ability with nanoPANI in-situ polymerization. The effects of surface morphology,microstructure,content of functional group,distributing and diameter of pore of carbon materials, the addition on the morphology,surface property and structure of PANI will be investigated.The internality mechanism of uniformal polymerization of ANI on the surface of OMC can be elucidated.The electrochemical behavior of compositing electrode will be studied to explain the relativity of components of composite, parameter of preparing,morphology with electrochemical characteristics to obtain the electrodes for supercapacitors with excelllent integrated properties. The work will estabilish the base for the exploituring new electrode materials of supercapacitors.

英文关键词： Ordered mesoporous carbon；Nanopolyaniline;Supercapacitor;Surface modification;Adsorption