含缩硫醛基团荧光染料的设计、合成及其对汞离子的传感研究

项目名称： 含缩硫醛基团荧光染料的设计、合成及其对汞离子的传感研究

项目编号： No.21502047

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 无机化学

项目作者： 程晓红

作者单位： 湖北文理学院

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 汞离子是一种严重危害人体健康及生物繁衍的有毒重金属离子，设计和开发优秀的汞离子传感器已成为研究的热点。缩硫醛脱保护反应可作为汞离子传感器设计的基础，其优势在于速率快、反应条件温和，有利于实现对汞离子的快速、实时检测。另一方面，传统荧光染料被广泛应用于化学传感器的设计之中，表现出良好的水溶性、光稳定性和生物相容性，可方便地用于生物体系中目标分子的原位、实时、无损伤检测。本项目中，我们拟以缩硫醛为反应活性基团，以传统荧光染料为荧光团，通过巧妙的分子设计将二者连接起来，希望获得性能优异的反应型汞离子传感器。首先，拟利用荧光素、香豆素、罗丹明类荧光染料的优异性能，发展水溶性好、灵敏度高的汞离子传感器，实现在饮用水、食品、环境样品等实际样品中的检测；其次，以菁染料为母体，获得反应型近红外荧光传感器，希望实现细胞及生物活体中汞离子的荧光成像分析；再次，归纳该传感体系的构效关系，以指导今后传感器的设计。

中文关键词： 缩硫醛；荧光染料；反应型传感器；汞离子；生物成像

英文摘要： Recently, the design and development of sensors with excellent performance for mercury ions has been fuelled due to its serious hazard to both human health and the biological reproduction. As we know from the textbook of basic organic chemistry, mercury can promote the deprotection reaction of the dithioacetal to generate the corresponding aldehyde group, which can serve as the basis of mercury-selective sensor. This chemical reaction can be conducted rapidly at room temperature and the reaction condition is rather mild, which is beneficial to the rapid and real-time detection of mercury ion. On the other hand, traditional fluorescent dyes have been widely used in the design of chemosensors and possess innate performance because of their good water-solubility, photo-stability as well as biocompatibility. Moreover, such sensors can be conveniently used for in situ, real-time and non-destructive detection of target molecules in biological systems. With these considerations in mind, this project focuses on the design of special reaction-based sensors for mercury ion taking advantage of traditional fluorescent dyes as the fluorophore moiety and the dithioacetal group as a putative mercury-dependent reactive subunit. Through the ingenious molecular design, it is expected that new reactive chemsensors towards mercury can be designed and developed, featuring excellent sensing properties. First, taking advantage of the fluorescein, coumarin, and rhodamine dyes, new sensors with better water-solubility and higher sensitivity towards mercury ions are desired to realize the practical detection in real samples such as drinking water, food and environmental samples. Second, by virtue of the outstanding performance of cyanine dyes, it is expected to develop reaction-based near-infrared fluorescent chemosensors for mercury ions and achieve the successful application in fluorescent imaging of living cells and organisms. Last, we will summarize the structure-property relationship of the sensing system to guide the design of future sensors.

英文关键词： dithioacetal;fluorescent dyes;reaction-based sensor;mercury;bioimaging