项目名称: 氧缺陷指数为1的大尺寸过渡金属氧化物团簇反应活性研究
项目编号: No.21203208
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 物理化学
项目作者: 赵艳霞
作者单位: 中国科学院化学研究所
项目金额: 26万元
中文摘要: 氧原子自由基是过渡金属氧化物表面反应中一类重要的也是非常难研究的一类活性氧物种,研究金属氧化物团簇是认识氧原子自由基结构与反应性的一条重要途径。对金属原子数为x、氧原子数为y、电荷数为q的过渡金属氧化物团簇,本项目申请人提出定义"氧缺陷指数"Δ=2y-nx+q,其中n为金属与氧形成固体时的最高价态,理论和实验研究表明一系列"氧缺陷指数"为1的团簇含氧原子自由基,因而研究这类团簇对认识氧原子自由基的结构和反应性具有重要意义。在前期研究小尺寸团簇的基础上,本项目提出研究"氧缺陷指数"为1的大尺寸团簇(含10个以上金属原子)。拟使用激光溅射、快速流动反应、高分辨率反射式飞行时间质谱实验测量一些典型Δ=1的大尺寸过渡金属氧化物团簇与碳氢化合物、一氧化碳等小分子的反应通道和速率,以此为依据,理论计算这些团簇的结构,进而认识氧原子自由基在更接近体相材料的纳米尺寸团簇上的结构与反应性。
中文关键词: 原子团簇;氧原子自由基;反应活性;尺寸效应;质谱
英文摘要: It is difficult to study oxygen-centered radicals (O ̄o) that are an important type of reactive oxygen species occurring in chemical processes over transition metal oxide (TMO) surfaces. The study of TMO clusters is an important way to understand the chemistry of the O ̄oradicals. For a TMO cluster that has metal atom number of x, oxygen atom number of y, and charge number of q, the applicant of this project has proposed to define a value called oxygen deficiency as Δ=2y-nx+q, in which n is the highest oxidation state of the metal in the bulk oxides. Theoretical and experimental studies indicated that a series of metal oxide clusters with Δ=1 contain the O ̄o radicals, so it is important to study this type of clusters to discover the bonding and reactivity involved with the oxygen-centered radicals. Based on the results from studying of small clusters, this project is going to investigate large Δ=1 TMO clusters that contain more than 10 metal atoms. Laser ablation, fast flow reaction, and high-resolution reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometry will be used to obtain the reaction channels and rate constants for reactions between some typical and large Δ=1 clusters with small molecules including hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide. Guided by experimental data, theoretical computations will be performed for the clust
英文关键词: atomic clusters;oxygen-centered radicals;reactivity;size effect;mass spectrometry