过渡金属离子电化学掺杂改性聚苯胺纳米纤维机理及超级电容性能研究

项目名称： 过渡金属离子电化学掺杂改性聚苯胺纳米纤维机理及超级电容性能研究

项目编号： No.51503092

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 陈泳

作者单位： 兰州理工大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 聚苯胺具有良好化学稳定性、导电性、高赝电容储能特性和独特的质子掺杂机制，且廉价、易制备，近年来已成为超级电容器电极材料的研究热点。用过渡金属离子电化学掺杂改性制备聚苯胺纳米纤维，可有效提高聚苯胺的导电性继而较大程度改善其电容性能，且表现出较好的循环稳定性。研究表明离子不仅在苯胺电聚合过程中非常重要，而且在充放电过程中也扮演了重要的角色，但对过渡金属离子对PANI微观结构和比电容的影响规律以及离子在材料充放电过程中的详细作用机理等问题尚未开展深入系统研究。我们希望通过大量实验及表征手段，系统分析过渡金属离子的基本结构特征与聚苯胺微观结构的关系及其对电容性能的影响机理，对设计制备高容量的超级电容器电极材料及其在有机电解液中的应用提供重要依据，此外深入研究过渡金属离子与聚苯胺分子链之间的相互作用机理，对人们认识除质子酸以外存在的其它掺杂方式以及由此产生的电化学性能和其它功能性质，具有重要意义。

中文关键词： 聚苯胺纳米纤维；过渡金属离子；超级电容器；结构与性能

英文摘要： Polyaniline (PANI) have been attracted much attention and intensively studied as electrode materials for electrochemical supercapacitors owing to its unique proton doping mechanism, good environmental stability, controllable electrical conductivity, high specific capacitance and ease of synthesis. The conductivity as same as the capacitance of PANI nanofiber was improved and showed good cyclic stability by doped with transition metal ions electrochemically in PANI. It indicates that transition metal ions play an important role not only in the process of electrochemical polymerization but also in the process of charge-discharge of PANI. But for transition metal ions on the influence rules of PANI microstructure and specific capacitance and ion in the process of material charging and discharging mechanism in detail, such problems have not been to make thorough research. Though a large number of experiments and characterization methods we hope to know which structure of transition metal ions can lead to the changes of microstructure and morphology of PANI, which will benefit the improvement of electrochemical activity of PANI. Also, the study can provide important evidences for designing and preparing electrode material of high capacitance electrochemical supercapacitors and application in organic electrolyte. Morover, it is very important for recognizing other doping methods except the proton acid doping mechanism of PANI and more electrochemical properties and other performances by deeply research the interaction mechanism between transition metal ions and PANI chains.

英文关键词： PANI nanofiber;transition metal ions;supercapacity;structure and property