项目名称: 纳微孔掺杂碳材料的结构优化及其在离子选择性电吸附领域的应用
项目编号: No.21471014
项目类型: 面上项目
立项/批准年度: 2015
项目学科: 数理科学和化学
项目作者: 常铮
作者单位: 北京化工大学
项目金额: 85万元
中文摘要: 西部盐湖中各种金属离子混杂,成分复杂,分离难度大。电吸附作为脱盐方式的一种,具有效率高、能耗低的优点,但是其潜在的离子选择性吸附与分离的潜力尚未充分利用。申请人拟采用EDTA等多羧基含氮分子作为碳材料前驱体,利用分解生成的CO2气泡制造大孔,利用卤化铵(如NH4Cl)等挥发性分子实现扩孔,通过过渡金属离子调控碳化过程,进而实现对孔结构的调控。同时,保留碳骨架上的N原子实现纳米碳材料的氮掺杂。利用溶液离子中金属价态、孔尺寸与溶剂化金属离子尺寸的匹配性以及金属离子与骨架N相互作用力三者的不同,实现多孔纳米碳材料对溶液中离子的选择性吸附。本研究不但将有助于推动纳微孔掺杂碳材料的构效关系研究,也将为盐湖资源的有效利用提供新的材料学基础。
中文关键词: 多级孔;碳材料;电吸附;离子选择性;盐湖资源
英文摘要: For the utilization of salt lake resources, the capacitive deionization (CDI) technology will be studied due to its advantages like high efficiency and low power consumption, but the ion selectivity in a CDI progress has not yet been fully exploited. We will use some nitrogen-containing carboxyl molecules such as EDTA as carbon precursors, these CO2 bubbles produced in thermal decomposition leading to the macropore formation, use some volatile molecules to achieve micro- and meso- pores, and also control carbonization conditions. Thus we will obtain a serial of hierarchical pore structures. Moreover, the doping N atoms retained on the carbon skeleton will produce the interaction with metal ions. By the difference in the ion valence, the size matching degree between metal ion and pore, and the interaction between the doping N and metal ion, these hierarchical carbon materials will achieve the selective adsorption of ions. This project will not only help to promote the study on the structure-activity relationship, but also provide new CDI electrode materials for the effective utillization of salt lakes.
英文关键词: Hierarchical Pore;Carbon;Capacitive Deionization;Ion Selectivity;Salt Lake