细晶新型钨合金的快速制备及耐盐雾腐蚀性能研究

项目名称： 细晶新型钨合金的快速制备及耐盐雾腐蚀性能研究

项目编号： No.51464010

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 矿业工程

项目作者： 向道平

作者单位： 海南大学

项目金额： 46万元

中文摘要： 新型W-Ni-Mn合金比传统W-Ni-Fe合金具有更高的绝热剪切性能, 在穿甲过程中具有自锐性而不会降低其穿透深度，因而是贫铀合金的潜在替代材料。然而，由于Mn很容易氧化，通过常规液相烧结制备全致密新型钨合金比较困难。放电等离子烧结具有快速低温和加压烧结等特点，很大程度上克服了常规液相烧结法的缺陷，因而在传统钨合金的制备中已崭露头角。然而，迄今未见用该法制备细晶新型W-Ni-Mn合金的相关报道。本项目拟通过低温高能球磨制备高品质纳米晶原料粉末，通过分段气氛控制、二步烧结和合金元素强化等措施调控合金成分和结构，从而最大程度改善细晶新型钨合金的力学性能。研究将揭示放电等离子烧结细晶新型钨合金的致密化规律及缺陷形成机制，成分偏离对合金性能的影响规律及机理，物相结构演变规律及相关机制。此外，通过盐雾腐蚀实验，探讨高温高湿高盐雾共同作用下细晶新型钨合金的组织演变及性能衰减规律和机理。

中文关键词： 细晶W–Ni–Mn合金；低温高能球磨；放电等离子烧结；合金元素强化；盐雾腐蚀

英文摘要： The novel W-Ni-Mn alloys have higher adiabatic shear properties than traditional W-Ni-Fe alloys, and possess the self-sharpening during the perforation, leading to no decrease in the penetration depth. Thus the W-Ni-Mn alloys are the potential substitute of depleted uranium alloys. However, due to the easy oxidation of Mn, the preparation of full-density novel tungsten heavy alloys (WHAs) by conventional liquid phase sintering is more difficult. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) presents many advantages, such as rapid heating rates, low sintering temperatures, and pressure sintering. These features largely overcome the shortcomings of conventional liquid phase sintering method, leading to the emergence of SPS on the traditional WHAs preparations. However, there are few reports on the fine-grained novel W-Ni-Mn alloys prepared by this method. This project plans to prepare the high-quality nanocrystalline raw powders by low-temperature high-energy ball milling method, and then regulate the component and structure of WHAs through such measures as staged atmosphere controlling, two-step sintering, and alloying elements strengthening, thereby maximizing the improvement of the mechanical properties of fine-grained novel WHAs. This project will reveal the densification laws and the defects formation mechanism of fine-grained novel WHAs prepared by SPS, the effects of component deviation on the performances of alloys and related mechanisms, and the evolution rule and mechanisms of the phases and structures. Meanwhile, this project will also carry out salt spray tests by artificial simulation and atmospheric exposure, and study the microstructural evolution and the attenuation law and mechanism of fine-grained novel WHAs properties under high temperature, high humidity and high salt-spray conditions.

英文关键词： fine-grained W-Ni-Mn alloy;low-temperature high-energy ball milling;spark plasma sintering (SPS);alloying elements strengthening;salt-spray corrosion