Applications like personal assistants need to be aware ofthe user's context, e.g., where they are, what they are doing, and with whom. Context information is usually inferred from sensor data, like GPS sensors and accelerometers on the user's smartphone. This prediction task is known as context recognition. A well-defined context model is fundamental for successful recognition. Existing models, however, have two major limitations. First, they focus on few aspects, like location or activity, meaning that recognition methods based onthem can only compute and leverage few inter-aspect correlations. Second, existing models typically assume that context is objective, whereas in most applications context is best viewed from the user's perspective. Neglecting these factors limits the usefulness of the context model and hinders recognition. We present a novel ontological context model that captures five dimensions, namely time, location, activity, social relations and object. Moreover, our model defines three levels of description(objective context, machine context and subjective context) that naturally support subjective annotations and reasoning.An initial context recognition experiment on real-world data hints at the promise of our model.
翻译:个人助理等应用程序需要了解用户的上下文,例如他们所处的位置、正在做什么和与谁打交道。背景信息通常从传感器数据中推断,例如全球定位系统传感器和用户智能手机上的加速计。这一预测任务被称为背景识别。一个定义明确的背景模型是成功识别的基础。但是,现有的模型有两大局限性。首先,它们侧重于少数方面,如位置或活动,这意味着基于它们的认识方法只能计算和利用少数不同层次的跨界关联。第二,现有模型通常假定这一背景是客观的,而大多数应用背景则最好从用户的角度来看待。忽略这些因素限制了上下文模型的有用性并妨碍了识别。我们提出了一个新的在线背景模型,它包含五个层面,即时间、位置、活动、社会关系和对象。此外,我们的模型确定了自然支持主观描述和推理的三个层次(客观背景、机器背景和主观背景)。在现实世界数据提示上进行初步背景识别实验,这是我们模型所许诺的。