The growing interest in Internet of Things (IoT) and Industrial IoT (IIoT) poses the challenge of finding robust solutions for the certification and notarization of data produced and collected by embedded devices. The blockchain and distributed ledger technologies represent a promising solution to address these issues, but rise other questions, for example regarding their practical feasibility. In fact, IoT devices have limited resources and, consequently, may not be able to easily perform all the operations required to participate in a blockchain. In this paper we propose a minimal architecture to allow IoT devices performing data certification and notarization on the Ethereum blockchain. We develop a hardware-software platform through which a lightweight device (e.g., an IoT sensor), holding a secret key and the associated public address, produces signed transactions, which are then submitted to the blockchain network. This guarantees data integrity and authenticity and, on the other hand, minimizes the computational burden on the lightweight device. To show the practicality of the proposed approach, we report and discuss the results of benchmarks performed on ARM Cortex-M4 hardware architectures, sending transactions over the Ropsten testnet. Our results show that all the necessary operations can be performed with small latency, thus proving that an IoT device can directly interact with the blockchain, without apparent bottlenecks.
翻译:对物联网(IoT)和工业IoT(IIoT)的兴趣日益浓厚,这带来了为对嵌入装置所产生和收集的数据进行认证和公证寻找可靠解决办法的挑战。链式和分布式分类账技术是解决这些问题的有希望的解决办法,但也提出了其他问题,例如其实际可行性。事实上,IoT装置资源有限,因此可能无法轻易地执行参与一个链式系统所需的所有操作。在本文件中,我们提议了一个最起码的结构,允许IoT装置在Etheinum块链上进行数据认证和公证。我们开发了一个硬件软件平台,通过这个平台,一个轻型装置(例如IoT传感器)拥有一个秘密钥匙和相关的公共地址,产生签字交易,然后提交给链式系统网络。这保证了数据的完整性和真实性,从而在另一方面,最大限度地减少轻质装置的计算负担。为了显示拟议方法的实用性,我们报告并讨论在Ethe AR Cortex-M4硬件链式系统中执行的基准结果。我们通过一个轻质设备(例如IoT传感器)传感器,通过它直接发送一个秘密钥匙交易,从而显示一个清晰的系统操作,从而显示我们的试控件的操作能够直接显示我们所有必要的操作。