System 1 vs. 2 theory describes two modes of thought, a fast, instinctive one and a slow, logical one. When we ask a question (e.g. A bat and ball cost $1.10. The bat costs $1 more than the ball. How much does the ball cost?), with prior, we can identify fast/slow thinking ($.10/$.05). But what if we do not have prior? A very clever method, surprisingly popular, additionally asks what percentage of other people answer $.10/$.05 and selects the answer that is more popular than people predict. However, the distribution report is non-minimal for many people especially for non-binary choices, the choices design requires prior and only the best answer is selected. Here we propose a simple minimal paradigm that elicits the full hierarchy of the collected answers: we ask a single open response question and elicit each respondent's answer (e.g. $.05) and guess(es) for other people's answers (e.g. $.10). We record the number of people who report a specific answer-guess pair (e.g. 10 people answer $.05 and guess $.10) by an answer-guess matrix. By ranking the answers to maximize the sum of the upper triangular area of the matrix, we obtain and visualize the hierarchy of the answers without any prior. Our paradigm has minimal requirement for both the respondent (no distribution report) and the requester (no choices design; check the hierarchy visually) and can be also used to research how people reason about other people's minds.
翻译:系统 1 vs. 2 理论描述了两种思维模式, 快速、 本能和慢、 逻辑。 但是, 当我们询问一个问题时( 例如蝙蝠和球的成本为1. 10美元。 蝙蝠的成本比球高出1美元。 球的成本是多少? 球的成本是多少?? ) 之前, 我们可以识别快速/ 低思维( 10美元. 05 美元 ) 。 但是, 如果我们没有之前的答案, 我们可以找出什么? 一个非常聪明的方法, 令人惊讶地受欢迎, 额外询问其他人回答的比例是 0. 0. 05 美元, 并且选择比人们预测的更受欢迎的答案。 但是, 当我们询问一个问题( 蝙蝠和球的成本是1. 10 ) 时, 分配报告对许多人来说并不最小, 选择的选择需要事先选择, 选择的答案是最好的答案是选择。 这里我们提出了一个简单的最小的范例,, 我们问一个开放的答案是每个应答者( 0. 05 ) 和猜测每个应答者回答 任何直观矩阵的答案 。