The Open Radio Access Network (Open RAN) aims to enable disaggregated, virtualized, programmable, and data-driven intelligent network with open interfaces to support various real-time and non-real-time applications for different classes of users and multiple industry verticals in beyond 5G and 6G networks while providing interoperability among multi-vendor network functions and components. In this article, we first discuss the evolution of RAN and then the O-RAN Alliance standardization activities and objectives to provide a comprehensive overview of O-RAN from a standardization point of view. Then, we discuss the O-RAN security aspects, use cases, deployment aspects, and open source projects and related activities in other forums. Finally, we summarize the open issues, challenges, and future research directions to explore further for in-depth study and analysis.
翻译：开放无线电接入网络(Open Radio Access Network (Open RAN) ), 目的是为分解、虚拟化、可编程和数据驱动的智能网络提供开放式界面,以支持5G和6G网络以外不同类别用户和多个行业纵向网络的各种实时和非实时应用程序,同时提供多供应商网络功能和组成部分之间的互操作性,在本篇文章中,我们首先讨论RAN的演变,然后讨论O-RAN联盟标准化活动和目标,从标准化的角度全面概述O-RAN。然后,我们讨论O-RAN的安全方面、使用案例、部署方面、开放源项目和其他论坛的相关活动。最后,我们总结了公开的问题、挑战和今后研究方向,以进一步探索深入研究和分析。
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