The Non-Fungible Token (NFT) market is mushrooming in the recent couple of years. The concept of NFT originally comes from a token standard of Ethereum, aiming to distinguish each token with distinguishable signs. This type of tokens can be bound with virtual/digital properties as their unique identifications. With NFTs, all marked properties can be freely traded with customized values according to their ages, rarity, liquidity, etc. It has greatly stimulated the prosperity of the decentralized application (DApp) market. At the time of writing (May 2021), the total money used on completed NFT sales has reached $34,530,649.86$ USD. The thousandfold return on its increasing market draws huge attention worldwide. However, the development of the NFT ecosystem is still in its early stage, and the technologies of NFTs are pre-mature. Newcomers may get lost in their frenetic evolution due to the lack of systematic summaries. In this technical report, we explore the NFT ecosystems in several aspects. We start with an overview of state-of-the-art NFT solutions, then provide their technical components, protocols, standards, and desired proprieties. Afterward, we give a security evolution, with discussions on the perspectives of their design models, opportunities and challenges. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic study on the current NFT ecosystems.
翻译:近两年来,不可调试的 Token (NFT) 市场正在迅速兴起。 NFT 的概念最初来自Etheum 的象征性标准,目的是用可辨别的标志来区分每个象征物。 这种类型的象征物可以以虚拟/数字属性作为独特的识别物。 NFT 的所有标志性能都可以按照年龄、稀释度、流动性等以定制价值自由交易。 它极大地刺激了分散应用(Dapp)市场的繁荣。在撰写本报告时(2021年5月),已完成的NFT 销售所使用的资金总额已经达到34 530 649.86美元。 其不断增长的市场上千倍的回报吸引了全世界的极大关注。 然而,NFT 生态系统的发展仍然处于初级阶段,而NFT 技术也处于成熟阶段。 由于缺乏系统化的概要, 新的标志可能会在它们的疯狂演变过程中丢失。 我们首先从几个方面探索NFTFT的生态系统。 我们首先从一个最新的NFT解决方案的概览开始,,然后是他们的系统化研究, 给我们的系统化的演变、 设计、 机会。