Blockchain has received tremendous attention as a secure, distributed, and anonymous framework for the Internet of Things (IoT). As a distributed system, blockchain trades off scalability for distribution, which limits the technologys adaptation for large scale networks such as IoT. All transactions and blocks must be broadcast and verified by all participants which limits scalability and incurs computational and communication overheads. The existing solutions to scale blockchains have so far led to partial recentralization, limiting the technologys original appeal. In this paper, we introduce a distributed yet scalable Verification and Communication architecture for blockchain referred to as Vericom. Vericom concurrently achieves high scalability and distribution using hash function outputs to shift blockchains from broadcast to multicast communication. Unlike conventional blockchains where all nodes must verify new transactions/blocks, Vericom uses the hash of IoT traffic to randomly select a set of nodes to verify transactions/blocks which in turn reduces the processing overhead. Vericom incorporates two layers: i) transmission layer where a randomized multicasting method is introduced along with a backbone network to route traffic, i.e., transactions and blocks, from the source to the destination, and ii) verification layer where a set of randomly selected nodes are allocated to verify each transaction or block. The performance evaluation shows that Vericom reduces the packet and processing overhead as compared with conventional blockchains. In the worst case, packet overhead in Vericom scales linearly with the number of nodes while the processing overhead remains scale-independent.
翻译:屏障链作为安全、分布和匿名的物业互联网框架受到极大关注。作为一个分布式系统,条块链交易会限制对IoT等大型网络的技术改造。所有交易和条块都必须由所有参与者广播和核实,限制可缩放性,并引起计算和通信间接费用。到目前为止,对块链的现有解决方案导致部分新化,限制了最初的技术吸引力。在本文中,我们为被称为 Vericom 的块链引入一个分布式、但可缩放的核查和通信结构。 Vericom 同时也实现了高度的可缩放和分配性,使用 hash 函数输出将块链从广播转换到多播送通信。所有交易和区块都必须由所有节点来核查新的交易/条块。 Vericom 使用IoT流量的现有解决方案随机地选择一套节点来核查交易/条块,反过来减少处理间接费用。 Vericom 包含两个层次:i)传输层,通过随机的多盘传输方法,从最坏的多路路段开始, 和每条块交易的平流路段的平流路段比, 条路段检验。