Smart healthcare has achieved significant progress in recent years. Emerging artificial intelligence (AI) technologies enable various smart applications across various healthcare scenarios. As an essential technology powered by AI, natural language processing (NLP) plays a key role in smart healthcare due to its capability of analysing and understanding human language. In this work, we review existing studies that concern NLP for smart healthcare from the perspectives of technique and application. We focus on feature extraction and modelling for various NLP tasks encountered in smart healthcare from a technical point of view. In the context of smart healthcare applications employing NLP techniques, the elaboration largely attends to representative smart healthcare scenarios, including clinical practice, hospital management, personal care, public health, and drug development. We further discuss the limitations of current works and identify the directions for future works.
翻译:近年来,智能保健取得了显著进展。新兴的人工智能(AI)技术使各种保健情景中的各种智能应用得以应用。自然语言处理(NLP)作为AI推动的一项基本技术,由于其分析和理解人类语言的能力,在智能保健中发挥着关键作用。在这项工作中,我们从技术和应用的角度审查与智能保健有关的现有研究。我们侧重于从技术角度出发,为智能保健中遇到的各种智能保健任务进行特征提取和建模。在使用NLP技术的智能保健应用方面,阐述主要涉及具有代表性的智能保健情景,包括临床实践、医院管理、个人护理、公共卫生和药物开发。我们进一步讨论当前工程的局限性,并确定未来工程的方向。