The never-ending demand for high performance and energy efficiency is pushing designers towards an increasing level of heterogeneity and specialization in modern computing systems. In such systems, creating efficient memory architectures is one of the major opportunities for optimizing modern workloads (e.g., computer vision, machine learning, graph analytics, etc.) that are extremely data-driven. However, designers demand proper design methods to tackle the increasing design complexity and address several new challenges, like the security and privacy of the data to be elaborated. This paper overviews the current trend for the design of domain-specific memory architectures. Domain-specific architectures are tailored for the given application domain, with the introduction of hardware accelerators and custom memory modules while maintaining a certain level of flexibility. We describe the major components, the common challenges, and the state-of-the-art design methodologies for building domain-specific memory architectures. We also discuss the most relevant research projects, providing a classification based on our main topics.
翻译:对高性能和能源效率的永无止境的需求正在推动设计者在现代计算机系统中逐渐走向日益多样化和专业化的水平。在这类系统中,创造高效的记忆结构是优化极具数据驱动力的现代工作量(例如计算机视觉、机器学习、图表分析等)的主要机会之一。然而,设计者要求适当的设计方法,以解决设计日益复杂的问题,并应对若干新的挑战,例如将要详细阐述的数据的安全和隐私。本文概述了设计特定领域记忆结构的当前趋势。具体领域的具体建筑是专门为特定应用领域设计的,采用硬件加速器和定制记忆模块,同时保持一定的灵活性。我们描述了主要组成部分、共同挑战,以及建设特定领域记忆结构的最先进的设计方法。我们还讨论了最相关的研究项目,根据我们的主要议题提供了分类。