The rapid growth in digital data forms the basis for a wide range of new services and research, e.g, large-scale medical studies. At the same time, increasingly restrictive privacy concerns and laws are leading to significant overhead in arranging for sharing or combining different data sets to obtain these benefits. For new applications, where the benefit of combined data is not yet clear, this overhead can inhibit organizations from even trying to determine whether they can mutually benefit from sharing their data. In this paper, we discuss techniques to overcome this difficulty by employing private information transfer to determine whether there is a benefit from sharing data, and whether there is room to negotiate acceptable prices. These techniques involve cryptographic protocols. While currently considered secure, these protocols are potentially vulnerable to the development of quantum technology, particularly for ensuring privacy over significant periods of time into the future. To mitigate this concern, we describe how developments in practical quantum technology can improve the security of these protocols.
翻译:数字数据迅速增长是一系列新的服务和研究的基础,例如大规模医学研究。与此同时,越来越限制性的隐私问题和法律导致在安排分享或合并不同数据集以获得这些好处方面产生大量间接费用。对于新的应用,如果综合数据的好处尚不清楚,这种间接费用甚至会妨碍各组织试图确定它们能否从分享数据中获益。在本文件中,我们讨论如何通过利用私人信息转让来克服这一困难,以确定分享数据是否有益处,以及是否有谈判可接受的价格的余地。这些技术涉及加密协议。这些协议虽然目前被认为安全,但有可能对量子技术的发展造成影响,特别是在未来相当长的一段时间内确保隐私。为了减轻这一关切,我们说明实际量子技术的发展如何改善这些协议的安全性。