Accurate modeling is crucial in many engineering and scientific applications, yet obtaining a reliable process model for complex systems is often challenging. To address this challenge, we propose a novel framework, reservoir computing with unscented Kalman filtering (RCUKF), which integrates data-driven modeling via reservoir computing (RC) with Bayesian estimation through the unscented Kalman filter (UKF). The RC component learns the nonlinear system dynamics directly from data, serving as a surrogate process model in the UKF prediction step to generate state estimates in high-dimensional or chaotic regimes where nominal mathematical models may fail. Meanwhile, the UKF measurement update integrates real-time sensor data to correct potential drift in the data-driven model. We demonstrate RCUKF effectiveness on well-known benchmark problems and a real-time vehicle trajectory estimation task in a high-fidelity simulation environment.
翻译:精确建模在众多工程与科学应用中至关重要,然而为复杂系统获取可靠的过程模型往往具有挑战性。为应对这一挑战,我们提出了一种新颖的框架——结合储层计算与无迹卡尔曼滤波的RCUKF框架。该框架通过储层计算实现数据驱动建模,并借助无迹卡尔曼滤波器进行贝叶斯估计。其中,RC组件直接从数据中学习非线性系统动力学,作为UKF预测步骤中的替代过程模型,用于在标称数学模型可能失效的高维或混沌状态下生成状态估计。同时,UKF测量更新环节通过整合实时传感器数据来校正数据驱动模型中可能出现的漂移。我们在经典基准问题以及高保真仿真环境中的实时车辆轨迹估计任务上验证了RCUKF的有效性。