Turing inspired a computer metaphor of the mind and brain that has been handy and has spawned decades of empirical investigation, but he did much more and offered behavioral and cognitive sciences another metaphor--that of the cascade. The time has come to confront Turing's cascading instability, which suggests a geometrical framework driven by power laws and can be studied using multifractal formalism and multiscale probability density function analysis. Here, we review a rapidly growing body of scientific investigations revealing signatures of cascade instability and their consequences for a perceiving, acting, and thinking organism. We review work related to executive functioning (planning to act), postural control (bodily poise for turning plans into action), and effortful perception (action to gather information in a single modality and action to blend multimodal information). We also review findings on neuronal avalanches in the brain, specifically about neural participation in body-wide cascades. Turing's cascade instability blends the mind, brain, and behavior across space and time scales and provides an alternative to the dominant computer metaphor.
翻译:图灵启发了大脑和大脑的计算机比喻,这种比喻一直很方便,并孕育了数十年的经验性调查,但他做了更多的工作,并且提供了行为和认知科学的又一个比喻,即级联的比喻。现在到了应对图灵的演化不稳定的时候了,它暗示着由权力法驱动的几何框架,可以通过多分形形式学和多尺度概率密度功能分析来研究。这里,我们审查迅速增长的科学调查,揭示了连锁不稳定的特征及其对感知、行为和思维机体的影响。我们审查了与行政职能(行动规划)、后体控制(将计划转化为行动而雄心勃勃)和勤奋的认知(以单一方式收集信息并整合多式联运信息的行动)有关的工作。我们还审查了关于大脑神经性电动现象的研究结果,尤其是关于全机体级级级级的神经性电动功能参与情况。Turing's 串联的不稳定性将大脑、大脑和行为与空间和时间尺度上的思想、大脑和行为混杂在一起,并提供了主导计算机比喻的替代方法。