Emerging mobility systems such as connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) provide the most intriguing opportunity for more accessible, safe, and efficient transportation. CAVs are expected to significantly improve safety by eliminating the human factor and ensure transportation efficiency by allowing users to monitor transportation network conditions and make better operating decisions. However, CAVs could alter the users' tendency-to-travel, leading to a higher traffic demand than expected, thus causing rebound effects (e.g., increased vehicle-miles-traveled). In this chapter, we focus on tackling social factors that could drive an emerging mobility system to unsustainable congestion levels. We propose a mobility market that models the economic in-nature interactions of the travelers in a smart city network with roads and public transit infrastructure. Using techniques from mechanism design, we introduce appropriate monetary incentives (e.g., tolls, fares, fees) and show how a mobility system consisting of selfish travelers that seek to travel either with a CAV or use public transit can be socially efficient. Furthermore, the proposed mobility market ensures that travelers always report their true travel preferences and always benefit from participating in the market; lastly, we also show that the market generates enough revenue to potentially cover its operating costs.
翻译:新的流动系统,如连通和自动化车辆(CAVs),为更方便、安全和高效的交通提供了最令人感兴趣的机会,预期CAV将消除人的因素,确保运输效率,使用户能够监测运输网络条件,作出更好的操作决定,从而大大改善安全;然而,CAV可以改变用户旅行的倾向,导致交通需求高于预期,从而产生反弹效应(例如,增加车辆-英里-旅行);在本章中,我们侧重于解决可能导致新的流动系统达到不可持续拥挤水平的社会因素;我们建议建立一个流动市场,在智能城市网络和公路和公共过境基础设施中,模拟旅行者的经济内在互动;利用机制设计的技术,我们采用适当的货币奖励(例如,收费、票价、收费),并表明由自私旅行者组成的流动系统如何产生社会效率;此外,拟议的流动市场确保旅行者总是报告其真正的旅行偏好,并总是从参与市场中获益;最后,我们还利用机制设计中的技术,采用适当的货币奖励(例如,托运、远价、收费),并表明由自私旅行者组成的流动系统能够提高社会效率。