Teaching morals is one of the most important purposes of storytelling. An essential ability for understanding and writing moral stories is bridging story plots and implied morals. Its challenges mainly lie in: (1) grasping knowledge about abstract concepts in morals, (2) capturing inter-event discourse relations in stories, and (3) aligning value preferences of stories and morals concerning good or bad behavior. In this paper, we propose two understanding tasks and two generation tasks to assess these abilities of machines. We present STORAL, a new dataset of Chinese and English human-written moral stories. We show the difficulty of the proposed tasks by testing various models with automatic and manual evaluation on STORAL. Furthermore, we present a retrieval-augmented algorithm that effectively exploits related concepts or events in training sets as additional guidance to improve performance on these tasks.
翻译:教学道德是讲故事的最重要目的之一。理解和撰写道德故事的基本能力是编造故事和隐含道德。它的挑战主要在于:(1) 掌握关于道德的抽象概念的知识,(2) 捕捉故事中的事件间谈话关系,(3) 将关于良好或不良行为的故事和道德的价值偏好与良好或不良行为联系起来。我们在本文件中提出两项理解任务和两项新一代任务来评估机器的这些能力。我们介绍了中国和英国人写道德故事的新数据集StorAL。我们通过对Storal进行自动和人工评估测试,显示了拟议任务的困难。此外,我们提出了一种回收的算法,有效地利用培训中的相关概念或活动,作为提高这些任务绩效的补充指导。