深井围岩动态载荷下诱发冲击灾害演化机理

项目名称： 深井围岩动态载荷下诱发冲击灾害演化机理

项目编号： No.50874109

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 杨仁树

作者单位： 中国矿业大学（北京）

项目金额： 35万元

中文摘要： 冲击灾害是影响我国深部矿井安全开采的关键性难题之一。目前我国隧道开挖及井巷掘进普遍采用钻爆法施工，在施工中爆炸载荷作用易造成围岩卸荷破坏诱发冲击灾害发生。因此深入研究动态载荷作用下诱发冲击灾变演化机理，可有效防止深井冲击灾害发生，确保深井安全生产。实践表明：深井开掘中的爆炸动态载荷诱发等因素导致冲击灾害的发生有随深部矿井开采深度加大而频率加大的趋势，但目前国内外学者对此类问题的理论和实验研究还有待完善。课题采用动焦散线测试系统，进行动态载荷下煤岩裂纹扩展规律的研究，以获得动态载荷下卸荷破坏细观力学特性；通过煤岩组合材料进行深部围岩卸荷下破坏特性研究，分析加载和卸荷下其宏观力学特性；利用CT技术对煤岩体组合进行单轴、三轴压缩状态下细观尺度下裂纹扩展行为研究；运用断裂、损伤力学理论，研究深井围岩卸荷破坏的本构关系及破坏演变进程，最终获得动态载荷下诱发冲击灾害演化规律。

中文关键词： 深井围岩;动态载荷;冲击灾害;演化机理

英文摘要： Rockburst is one of the key problems which influence the safety mining in deep mines. At the present, the drilling and blasting method is commonly used in tunnel excavation, and the role of explosive load easily causes surrounding rock unloading, which induces rockburst. So, it can be effectively prevented through in-depth study of the evolution mechanism of rockburst under dynamic loads. To do so, production safety can be ensured. Practice shows that rockburst, which is induced by exploding dynamic loads during excavation in deep mines, has a trend of larger frequency with the mining depth increasing. But domestic and foreign scholars on such issues of theoretical and experimental studies have yet to be improved. With the dynamic caustics system, the article researches the expansion of coal-rock crack under dynamic loads, to obtain micro-mechanical properties when unloading damage occurring. The failure characteristics to coal-rock combination is researched under unloading of surrounding rock of deep mine, to analyze macroscopic mechanical properties of it when loading and unloading. With CT technology, uniaxial and triaxial compression tests to the coal-rock combination are conducted, and the crack propagation of coal-rock combination is researched under Meso-scale. With the theory of fracture mechanics and damage mechanics, the constitutive relationship and evolution of unloading damage of surrounding rock of deep mine are researched, to obtain the evolution law which induces rockburst under dynamic loads.

英文关键词： surrounding rock of deep mine;dynamic loads; impact disaster; evolution theory