稀土氧化物基疏水催化剂的可控制备及其对氢-水同位素交换反应的催化机制研究

项目名称： 稀土氧化物基疏水催化剂的可控制备及其对氢-水同位素交换反应的催化机制研究

项目编号： No.21503199

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 罗军洪

作者单位： 中国工程物理研究院

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 氢-水氢同位素液相催化交换反应（简记为氢-水LPCE反应）是实现水去氚化的重要技术途径，而高效疏水催化剂的研制是其关键环节。本项目选取水去氚化用疏水催化剂为研究对象，重点围绕揭示其成分-微观结构-催化性能间内在关联性及对氢-水LPCE反应的催化作用机制这一关键基础科学问题开展研究。拟采用较成熟的方法合成具有不同成分和微观结构的稀土氧化物（REOs）纳米材料兼作载体和助催化剂、Pt或PtxMy（M=Fe、Co、Ni等）纳米粒子作为活性金属，构筑成分和微观结构受控制备的Pt(PtxMy)/REOs/PTFE型疏水催化剂。在此基础上，系统研究稀土氧化物载体及活性金属的成分、微观结构等因素对氢-水LPCE反应的影响规律，揭示催化剂成分-微观结构-催化性能间的内在关联性并探讨其催化作用机制。本项目预期研究成果将为发展高性能疏水催化剂奠定实验/理论基础，同时也可为其他类型催化剂的研制提供参考或借鉴。

中文关键词： 水去氚化；疏水催化剂；稀土氧化物；可控制备；催化机制

英文摘要： Hydrogen-water liquid phase catalytic exchange (LPCE for short) reaction represents a prevailing method for water detritiation worldwide, and the development of efficient hydrophobic catalysts is the key to the implementation of this technology. In the present project, we study the synthesis and the catalytic properties of novel hydrophobic catalysts for LPCE, with special focus on the correlation between composition, microstructure, and catalytic properties，and the catalytic mechanism on promoting the LPCE reaction as well. In this regard, a new type of hydrophobic catalysts, i.e., Pt(PtxMy)/REOs/PTFE (REOs is an acronym of Rare-earth oxides, M=Fe, Co, Ni, et al.), with well-defined composition and microstructure, will be synthesized. To this end, composition-and-shape-controlled synthesis of both nanostructured REOs and Pt or PtxMy nanoparticles will be conducted in our lab by using well-established synthetic approaches. Through systematically study of the effects of a set of compositional or microstructural variables on the catalytic properties individually, it is likely to unravel the composition-microstructure-catalytic properties relationship for this type of hydrophobic catalysts and furthermore, their catalytic mechanism on promoting the LPCE reaction. The successful implementation of the present project may lay experimental/theoretical foundation for the development of high-performance hydrophobic catalysts, and may also provide valuable insight into the design of other kinds of catalysts.

英文关键词： Water detritiation;Hydrophobic catalyst;Rare-earth oxides;Controllable synthesis;Catalytic mechanism