微通道内超临界二氧化碳流动与换热基础研究

项目名称： 微通道内超临界二氧化碳流动与换热基础研究

项目编号： No.51306103

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 能源与动力工程

项目作者： 张田田

作者单位： 三峡大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 小型反应堆是未来第四代核电堆的研究热点，是前美国能源部重点支持的新型安全核电发展方向。由于空间布置和运行安全要求，其也面临着散热方面的问题。微通道散热作为一种新型散热技术，具有高能量转换效率，在半导体、航空等领域中已被广泛应用。该技术应用到小型反应堆中可有效提高其固有安全性和发电效率，是小型核电发展的关键性技术。超临界二氧化碳可降低反应堆压力，通过提高温度来增强发电效率，本项目围绕超临界二氧化碳条件下微通道中流体的流动换热规律，数值分析与实验研究相结合，开展以下研究：1）深入探讨温度、速度、流动阻力、换热效率等多种因素的影响，运用数值模拟获得适用于临界条件下的定量规律模型；2）提出高效微通道换热器的结构形式，为小型反应堆冷却部件的设计提供一定的参考。本项目研究成果将为微通道散热的关键技术提供坚实的理论基础，为优化小型反应堆的热系统提供依据，具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。

中文关键词： 小型反应堆；流动换热；高效散热；微通道；

英文摘要： Small reactor is not only the development direction of the new safe nuclear power that US Department of Energy intensively focused on but also the future trend of the fourth generation reactors. However, it also faces the problems of heat transfer limited by the space layout and operation safety requirements. Microchannel heat dissipation, as a new cooling technique, has high energy conversion efficiency, which has been widely used in semiconductor, aviation and so on. If applied in small reactors, this technology can effectively improve its intrinsic safety and power generation efficiency, and will be a great theme of nuclear power area. Supercritical carbon dioxide can reduce the pressure of the reactor and enhance power generation efficiency by raising the temperature. Under the conditions of supercritical carbon dioxide and by means of numerical analysis and experimental research, the project which focused on the flow heat transfer law of the fluid in microchannel will carry out the following research: 1) Launching a detailed investigation on the influence of the factors, such as temperature, velocity, flow resistance, efficiency of heat transfer. Apply numerical simulation to get quantitative law model which is appropriate for the condition of critical. 2) Put forward the structure of an efficient microchan

英文关键词： small reactor；heat and transfer；efficient cooling；microchannel；