生长素和细胞分裂素调节离体器官发生的分子调控网络

项目名称： 生长素和细胞分裂素调节离体器官发生的分子调控网络

项目编号： No.91217308

项目类型： 重大研究计划

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 微生物学、植物学

项目作者： 张宪省

作者单位： 山东农业大学

项目金额： 280万元

中文摘要： 植物细胞与多数动物细胞不同，它们能在植物激素的作用下从作为外植体的成熟组织中产生一团愈伤组织，进而愈伤组织的某些细胞可被激素诱导分化产生各种类型的器官。尽管任何活的植物细胞都具有分裂并形成新器官的能力，但对于离体条件下器官的细胞起源以及分子机制却了解很少。本项目拟利用拟南芥体细胞胚、离体芽和离体根的再生系统，深入研究激素诱导植物器官离体再生的机制。由于植物器官来源于干细胞，因此将首先研究生长素和细胞分裂素调控干细胞分化形成的形态学和细胞学特征；其次研究生长素和细胞分裂素相互作用调控干细胞形成的分子基础；然后通过转录组学、表观组学的研究并结合遗传和生化分析结果，分析寻找调节愈伤组织中干细胞起始的关键因子，建立激素调控离体器官发生中干细胞形成的分子网络。本项目的研究成果将会对激素调节植物离体器官再生机制有一个全新的认识，为进一步深入理解植物细胞全能性提供重要信息。

中文关键词： 激素互作；离体器官发生；干细胞；分子调控网络；

英文摘要： Unlike most animal cells, plant cells can easily regenerate a full array of tissues from a small piece of adult tissues (explant) under in vitro culture conditions with plant hormones. Although it is widely believed that any living plant cells can divide to form new tissues, little is known about the cellular origin of the de novo regenerating organs and the molecular mechanisms providing the cells with such high plasticity. The proposal here is to study the molecular mechanisms of the de novo organogenesis induced by hormones, using the somatic embryo induction system as well as the in vitro shoot and root regeneration systems in Arabidopsis. Because plant organs are derived from stem cells, we will analyze the morphological and cytological characteristics of de novo regenerated stem cells. Then, we will study the interaction of auxin and cytokinin which mediates stem cell formation during de novo organogenesis. At last, we will use cell-type specific transcriptome and epigenome analyses combined with genetic and biochemical data to identify key factors that regulate origin of the stem cells, by which gene regulatory networks of de novo organogenesis can be established. The results of the proposed studies will be a new and detailed explanation for the mechanisms of hormone-regulated plant organ regeneration. Th

英文关键词： hormonal interaction；de novo organogenesis；stem cell；molecular network；