中国溪蛉科分类修订及系统发育研究

项目名称： 中国溪蛉科分类修订及系统发育研究

项目编号： No.31071962

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2011

项目学科： 轻工业、手工业

项目作者： 刘志琦

作者单位： 中国农业大学

项目金额： 8万元

中文摘要： 溪蛉科是脉翅目中原始类群之一，具有重要进化意义，也是宝贵的天敌资源之一，但是分类研究基础薄弱。本课题研究中，对采集（交换）到的350余号标本及化石进行研究，发现新种近20个，发表3新属、5新种、4新异名和2中国新纪录，丰富了中国溪蛉区系。完成了8属23种的COI、16srDNA、18SrDNA基因、15种Wingless、8种CAD基因的扩增、测序。利用已经得到的COI、16SrDNA、18SrDNA序列，进行了初步的系统发育分析，为今后开展更广泛的溪蛉分子系统学研究打下了良好技术。首次对现生窗溪蛉属Thyridosmylus全部16种进行了系统发育分析，提出了该属为冈瓦纳起源的推断，起源时间不晚于88Mya（即印度板块和马达加斯加板块分裂时间）且其亚洲区系来源于印度，分化起因是青藏高原的隆起，此结果对解释该种目前离散式的分布格局提供了重要的依据；并在中侏罗世道虎沟肯氏溪蛉亚科Kempyninae的化石中发现了目前该亚科世界最古老的化石记录- - 侏罗肯氏溪蛉Jurakempynus gen.nov.，打破了现生该亚科仅南半球的分布格局，对研究该类昆虫的起源及历史扩散具有重要意义。

中文关键词： 溪蛉科；分类；系统发育；分子系统学；生物地理学

英文摘要： Osmylidae is one of ancient groups of Neuroptera which is greatly significant to the ebolution of Neuroptera and also a kind of valuable natural enemy resources.In this project research, based on over 350 specimens from the collection in China this year and some domestic and overseas institutions, about 20 new species were found, 3 new genera and 5 new species and 4 new synonyms to science and 2 new species which were first recorded in China were published. DNA sequences of the COI, 16srDNA, 18SrDNA ,Wingless and CAD from the samples of 23 species from 8 genera were amplified and sequenced. The first molecular phylogenetic analyses was finished, based on the above data of the COI, 16srDNA, 18SrDNA genes. The first phylogenetic analysis of the genus Thyridosmylus Krür is completed which showed that the genus originated in Gondwana no later than the Late Cretaceous (88 Ma) before the break-up of the Madagascar-India continent. The oldest known occurrence of Kempyninae whose extant representatives are restricted to the austral continents were reported from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of Daohugou Village, Inner Mongolia, China, and it implied a much wider geographic range of this kind of Mesozoic osmylids。

英文关键词： Osmylidae;Taxonomy;Systematics; Molecular phylogenetics; Biogeography.