玉米新着丝粒DNA甲基化研究

项目名称： 玉米新着丝粒DNA甲基化研究

项目编号： No.31500992

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 刘永鑫

作者单位： 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 着丝粒是染色体重要的组成部分，在细胞有丝分裂和减数分裂过程中起重要作用。申请人所在实验室之前的研究发现了若干个玉米新着丝粒材料，按其序列组成可分为基因富集和转座子富集两类新着丝粒。我们的研究也发现玉米B染色体着丝粒的失活伴随有DNA甲基化升高的现象，表明DNA甲基化可能在着丝粒功能维持中起重要作用，但新着丝粒形成过程中DNA甲基化如何变化仍不清楚。本研究将选择两类新着丝粒材料中的典型代表Dp3a和sDic15，采用CENH3免疫共沉淀法(ChIP)富集着丝粒区DNA，再通过亚硫酸盐高通量测序技术(BS-Seq)获得两种材料不同发育阶段下根和叶组织的DNA甲基化数据。通过BS-Seq数据分析，探讨不同类型新着丝粒形成过程中DNA甲基化的变化规律，同时比较不同组织和时期中新着丝粒DNA甲基化修饰水平，为揭示新着丝粒形成机制提供数据基础和研究思路。

中文关键词： 玉米；新着丝粒；DNA甲基化；CENH3免疫共沉淀；亚硫酸盐测序

英文摘要： The centromere is an important chromosomal region, and plays important roles in meiosis and mitosis. In our previous studies, some de novo centromeres were found in maize, and classified into two groups (gene enriched or transposon enriched) based on the sequence composition. Our previous work showed that the level of DNA methylation increases in inactive B centromere, indicates DNA methylation may play important roles in centromere function. However, what’s the status of the DNA methylation in de novo centromere is still unclear. In this study, Dp3a and sDic15 were selected as representative of two groups de novo centromere in maize, and root and leaf under different development stages of them were processed by CENH3 chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) integrated bisulfite sequencing (BS-Seq). The DNA methylation level would be calculated for different de novo centromeres and theirs control, and the relationship of DNA methylation in different tissues under different development stages would also be compared. This study will shed light on the mechanism of de novo centromere formation by providing data resources and research thought.

英文关键词： maize;de novo centromere;DNA methylation;CENH3 ChIP;BS-Seq