健康行为中的跨期决策研究--基于资源匮乏理论视角

项目名称： 健康行为中的跨期决策研究--基于资源匮乏理论视角

项目编号： No.71471171

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 管理科学

项目作者： 梁竹苑

作者单位： 中国科学院心理研究所

项目金额： 59万元

中文摘要： 国民的健康是社会和经济发展不可或缺的基石与目标。面对资源约束趋紧的现状，如何在当前经济发展和国民未来健康间权衡，成为现代社会，包括中国必须面临的严峻现实问题。这一问题与健康行为中的跨期决策密切相关。先前行为决策研究发现，健康的跨期决策具有不同于金钱的独特心理属性，但其机制尚不明瞭。社会心理学领域新近提出的资源匮乏理论认为，资源匮乏状态可能影响人们在重要决策中的策略。由此我们推测，健康行为中的跨期决策亦可能受到资源状态及环境、个体差异等相关因素的影响。基于这一视角，本项目拟通过行为实验、眼动追踪、不同人群对照及大样本调查结合的方法，从理论层面深入探究资源状态对健康跨期决策的作用、心理机制与边界条件，从实证角度揭示中国民众健康跨期决策的基本现状，并探索环境、决策效价、注意偏差等对健康跨期决策的影响。项目结果可加深对跨期选择机制的理解，为促进健康行为、制订相关公共政策提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 行为决策；行为经济学；跨期选择；健康

英文摘要： The health status of resident populations plays an integral role in the social and economic development of nations. In the face of tightening resource constraints, finding ways to make successful tradeoffs between present economic development and the future health of resident populations has become anurgent and grim reality that modern societies, such as China, have to deal with. These tradeoffs are closely related to the intertemporal choice for health behavior. Previous behavioral decision-making studies have proven that individuals' intertemporal choice for health is psychologically distinct from that for money. However, the mechanism of intertemporal choice for health has yet to be fully understood. Recently, the resource scarcity theory in social psychology had proposed that, the resource scarcity may affect people' strategies in important decisions. Thus, we speculate that the intertemporal choice for health may be influenced by resource status and other related factors, i.e., enviorments and individual differences. From this perspective and utilizing methods of experimental research, eye tracking, large-sample survey, as well as a comparison between different samples, the project aims to: (1) investigate the effects, psychological mechanism and boundary conditions of resource status to intertemporal choice for health, (2) probe national norms of intertemporal choice for health in Chinese urban populations, and (3) examine a variety of factors affecting these effects, e.g., early/present envioment, gain/lose valence, and attention bias. The results of this project can deepen our understanding of the mechanisms underlying intertemporal choice, thereby providing a solid foundation based on psychological theories for the promotion of healthy behavior and stipulating public intertemporal policies.

英文关键词： behavioral decision-making;behavioral economics;intertemporal choice;health