高速路机动车尾气与森林排放挥发性有机物对区域大气臭氧的综合影响研究

项目名称： 高速路机动车尾气与森林排放挥发性有机物对区域大气臭氧的综合影响研究

项目编号： No.21207055

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 环境化学

项目作者： 史建武

作者单位： 昆明理工大学

项目金额： 24万元

中文摘要： 大气中氮氧化物和挥发性有机物，是城市臭氧的主要前体物和光化学烟雾形成的关键物质。穿越森林的高速公路周边存在大量植物排放的挥发性有机物和来自机动车尾气的氮氧化物，具有较强的臭氧生成潜势，对周边森林生态环境可能构成严重威胁，但目前尚无系统研究。本项目以高速路-森林接触带大气环境为研究对象，对高速路机动车尾气和森林挥发性有机物排放生成臭氧的机制及相关影响因素进行研究。研究内容包括：（1）通过观测高速路-森林接触带大气氮氧化物、挥发性有机物和臭氧浓度，分析机动车尾气氮氧化物排放对臭氧生成的贡献及其敏感性；（2）研究高速路-森林接触带气象因素（太阳辐射强度、气压、湿度、温度、风速）对臭氧生成及传输的影响。本项目旨在认识受机动车尾气排放影响的森林区域大气臭氧的时空特征及生成的敏感性，明确机动车尾气对森林区域臭氧生成的贡献率，为合理控制臭氧污染提供科学依据

中文关键词： 高速路；森林；臭氧；敏感性；贡献

英文摘要： Tropospheric ozone is formed through the photochemical reactions between volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen oxides (NOx).VOCs and NOx are the major precursors of the tropospheric ozone and they are the key materials of city photochemical smoke. Nowadays much attention has been focused on to the city photochemical smoke but few attention is paid to ozone formation of forest far from cities, with a great amount of vehicular emission from the highways across the forest. The contact region between highways and forest exists a large of vehicles NOx and biogenic VOCs emissions, which implies there is a strong potential for ozone formation. High ozone level is a potential threat for the neighboring and the region forest ecological system. The contact region of highway-forest in the atmospheric environment is the research object of this proposal, and the mechanism and related factors of ozone formation referring to the emissions of highway vehicular exhaust and forest are planned to do detailed researches. The research contents include: (1) Through the observation the concentrations of atmospheric nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds and ozone on the contact region of highway-forest, analysis the contribution of vehicle exhaust emission and sensitivity of ozone formation, the sensitivity will det

英文关键词： highway；forest；ozone；sensitivity；contribution