煤矸石重金属的硫酸盐还原菌与农业废弃物协同固化机理及生物有效性

项目名称： 煤矸石重金属的硫酸盐还原菌与农业废弃物协同固化机理及生物有效性

项目编号： No.51204075

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 冶金与矿业学科

项目作者： 张明亮

作者单位： 济南大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 以农业废弃物为碳源，利用硫酸盐还原菌控制煤矸石等尾矿重金属污染成为近年来研究的热点，但目前对硫酸盐还原菌与农业废弃物协同固化煤矸石重金属的机理研究相对薄弱。鉴于此，本项目在分离培育硫酸盐还原菌的基础上，以典型酸性煤矸石为对象，运用环境地球化学和环境微生物学方法，通过室内批式实验、厌氧反应柱淋溶实验和盆栽实验，研究以牛粪等农业废弃物为硫酸盐还原菌碳源，两者协同固化煤矸石Fe、Cu、Zn、Cd等典型重金属的效果，确定适宜于硫酸盐还原菌的农业废弃物碳源，并揭示硫酸盐还原菌与农业废弃物协同固化煤矸石重金属的机理，探讨两者的协同作用对煤矸石重金属赋存形态及生物有效性的影响规律。本项目研究结果为煤矸石等尾矿的重金属污染修复提供科学依据，对实现煤矸石山等尾矿库周边土壤、水体的重金属污染源头控制提供借鉴和参考，同时也消纳了农业废弃物达到"以废治废"的目的。

中文关键词： 硫酸盐还原菌；农业废弃物；煤矸石；重金属；源头控制

英文摘要： Biological remediation of heavy metals released from coal mine waste by using sulfate-reducing bacteria has become a research focus in recent years, in the presence of agricultural waste as carbon source. However, the research on immobilization mechanism of heavy metals by using sulfate-reducing bacteria and agricultural waste is relatively poor. Careful selection of a suitable carbon source is of great importance to ensure the performance in biological immobilization of heavy metals (Fe、Cu、Zn、Cd) from coal mine waste, so cow manure and other agricultural wastes will be selected as potential carbon source to promote sulphate reduction and metal immobilization through batch and column experiments, based on the cultivation of sulfate-reducing bacteria. Immobilization mechanism of heavy metals by using sulfate-reducing bacteria and agricultural waste will be revealed through environmental geochemistry and environmental microbiology methods. Finally, pot experiments will be conducted to analyse the impact of sulfate-reducing bacteria and agricultural waste on heavy metals speciation distribution and bioavailability. This study can provide a scientific basis for heavy metals pollution remediation of coal mine waste and other tailings, and provide reference to control soil and water environment surrounding coal mine w

英文关键词： sulfate reducing bacteria；agricultural waste；coal gangue；heavy metal；at-source control