突触传输不可靠性的定量化建模及其在神经信息传输中的应用

项目名称： 突触传输不可靠性的定量化建模及其在神经信息传输中的应用

项目编号： No.61201278

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 电子学与信息系统

项目作者： 郭大庆

作者单位： 电子科技大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 虽然大脑中的信息处理具有高度可靠性，但实验表明神经元间经由突触的信息交互却是不可靠的，显然这种不可靠性会对神经信息处理产生显著的影响。然而已有的建模研究很少关注突触传输的不可靠性，仅有的少量相关工作也在建模方面存在不足。本项目旨在建立一种更符合生物实际情况的、基于有效突触小泡数量的定量化不可靠突触传输模型。考虑到大脑中的神经计算和认知功能都涉及神经信息在脑皮层的不同区域间相互传输，本项目拟将所建立模型应用到对神经信息传输机理的研究中，着重考察突触传输不可靠性在神经信息传输和传输通道门控机制方面所起的非平凡作用。本项目的研究具有双重意义：一方面，不可靠突触传输定量化模型的建立将为今后研究突触传输不可靠性在神经信息处理中扮演的功能性角色奠定模型基础；另一方面，定量化模型与神经信息传输相结合的研究成果，将完善人们对神经信息传输中突触机制的理解，为开发新一代神经网络和高效仿脑计算算法提供理论基础。

中文关键词： 神经系统建模；不可靠突触传输；信息传输；；

英文摘要： The signal processing in the brain is believed to be highly reliable, but experimental observations have demonstrated that the microscopic mechanism of synaptic transmission displays the unreliable property. It is obvious that such unreliability stemming from synaptic transmission has significant influence on the signal processing in the brain. However, so far most previous modeling studies only considered that neurons transmit neural impulses (also called spikes or action potentials) based on reliable synaptic models, and moreover, the mathematical modeling of the unreliable synaptic transmission in only a few existing related research still remains problems and needs to be improved. Accordingly, the proposed project aims to develop a novel quantitative unreliable synaptic transmission model based on the amount of effective synaptic vesicles, which is more biological compared to the existing models in the literature. Considering the fact that many neural computation and high cognitive tasks are believed to involve signal propagation through multiple brain regions and the activation of large numbers of specific neurons, this project plans to apply the developed quantitative model to study the signal propagation and signal gating in the brain, and explore the nontrivial effects of unreliable synaptic transmission

英文关键词： Neural System Modeling；Unreliable Synaptic Transmission；Signal Propagation；；