新疆地区典型水环境中抗生素及其抗性基因的分布特征

项目名称： 新疆地区典型水环境中抗生素及其抗性基因的分布特征

项目编号： No.21267019

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 环境科学、安全科学

项目作者： 鲁建江

作者单位： 石河子大学

项目金额： 52万元

中文摘要： 抗生素及其抗性基因(ARGs)是水环境中普遍存在的新兴污染物，然而其在新疆地区的环境水平与分布规律未见报道。本项目拟选取5大类抗生素(氟喹诺酮类、磺胺类、四环素类、氯霉素类、大环内酯类)，研究其在新疆典型水环境中的存在及分布特征，探索ARGs的污染状况。主要采集典型河流、湖泊、水库等环境水体中的水、沉积物样品，辅以养殖厂废水、污水处理厂进出水样品及污泥样品，检测其中抗生素浓度水平，分析其分布特征。选择重点区域，不同季节、河流断面采样，深入研究水-沉积物体系中抗生素水平的时空分布差异。调查重点水环境中抗生素耐药细菌的存在状况，分析污水排放对微生物群落结构的影响，重点筛检ARGs的含量水平，评价其生态健康风险。通过以上研究，总结新疆典型水环境中不同类别抗生素及其ARGs的分布特征，并结合干旱区水环境物质累积效应，探讨与其他地区该类污染物分布规律的异同，为其生态风险管理及污染防治提供理支持。

中文关键词： 抗生素；抗生素抗性基因；自然水域；污染源；污水处理厂

英文摘要： Antibiotics and the corresponding resistance genes (ARGs) are ubiquitous emerging contaminants in the aqueous environment. However, their environmental levels and distribution are not clear in Xinjiang region. Therefore, the present study will select five classes of antibiotics (i.e., fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, phenicols and macrolides), investigate their occurrence and distributional characteristics, and assess the pollution status of some related ARGs in the typical aqueous environment of the region. The waters and sediments will be sampled from the representative rivers, lakes and reservoirs and as well as aquiculture/livestock farms and wastewater treatment plants. The antibiotic concentrations and patterns will be analyzed. Furthermore, the samples will be collected from some river segments of the specified area in different seasons to elucidate the spatial and temporal distribution of the antibiotics. In order to assess the ecological health risks, the project will farther survey the existence of ARGs in the main aqueous environment, examine the influence of wastewater inlet to the rivers or lakes on the microbial communities, and screen the levels of the ARGs. Based on all the studies, we will summarize the distributional characteristics of the various antibiotics and their ARGs, and c

英文关键词： antibiotics；antibiotic resistance genes；natural waters；pollution sources；sewage treatment plants