三种金属纳米材料对紫贻贝的毒性探究

项目名称： 三种金属纳米材料对紫贻贝的毒性探究

项目编号： No.41506145

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 由丽萍

作者单位： 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 纳米银、纳米氧化铜和纳米氧化锌，因其广谱抗菌特性，可以用作水产养殖抗菌剂，其中纳米银又是生产生活中应用最广泛的纳米材料。虽然纳米材料在水生生态系统中的毒理学数据有一定的积累，但纳米银生物毒性的作用机制和有效的生物标志物仍需要深入探讨；同时，这三种纳米材料在水产养殖中的应用安全性也需要评估。前期预实验分别从抗氧化酶活性、基因表达、组织病理、组织富集及免疫毒性等方面表征纳米银的急性和亚慢性生物毒性，为本项目的申请奠定了一定的理论和技术基础。本项目以主要的经济生物和典型的海洋环境监测生物紫贻贝为研究对象，利用半胱氨酸络合银离子的特性、浊点萃取法及ICP-MS等技术探讨纳米银的毒性作用机制；运用两步法毒性动力学模型预测三种纳米材料的生物毒性效应，并利用预实验中的技术手段进行验证比较，从而为水产养殖纳米抗菌剂的筛选及近海纳米污染生物监测与生态风险评价提供一定的技术支持。

中文关键词： 紫贻贝；金属纳米材料；毒性效应；生物标志物；风险评估

英文摘要： Based on the broad-spectrum antibacterial properties, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs), and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) may be explored for aquaculture use. Among them, AgNPs are the most widely used nanomaterials in production and living. Though the toxicological data about nanomaterials in the aquatic ecosystem have had a certain accumulation, it still needs further research on the biological toxicity mechanism and the effective biomarkers of AgNPs. And meanwhile, an in-depth study is also required for accessing the environmental risks associated with the three metal nanoparticles before their application in aquaculture. The acute and subchronic toxicological effects of AgNPs on the marine bivalves have been studied in the pre-research. And data about the variation of gene expression, antioxidant enzymes activity, histopathology, metal accumulation and immunotoxicity were evaluated to provide a theoretic and technical basis for this project application. In the present project, a marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis will be explored as the target creature, which is the main economic marine animal and the typical marine monitoring animal. The capacity of cysteine to complex with Ag+ and the technique of cloud point extraction (CPE), ICP-MS, etc. are applied for the analysis of AgNPs biological toxicity mechanism in marine. And the two-compartment toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic model (TK -TD) is used in combination to predict the the toxicological effects of the three metal nanoparticles, and then, the techniques used in the pre-experiment are also applied for the validation and comparation. The results are supposed to provide some technical supports for the screening of nanometer antibacterial agents in aquaculture and the biological detection and ecological risk assessment of nano-pollution.

英文关键词： Mytilus galloprovincialis;Metal nanoparticles ; Toxicological effects ;Biomarker;Risk assessment