微孔草属(紫草科)的系统学与生物地理学研究

项目名称： 微孔草属(紫草科)的系统学与生物地理学研究

项目编号： No.31200166

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 微生物学、植物学

项目作者： 于文涛

作者单位： 福建出入境检验检疫局检验检疫技术中心

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 青藏高原的隆升对青藏高原及其周边地区植物的物种形成起到了重要作用。随着高原抬升，气候环境的快速变化造成的小种群，可能是形态变异幅度较大的类群形成的原因。微孔草属(Microula Benth.)是青藏高原特有类群，其属内形态性状变异幅度之大在整个紫草科是罕见的。本项目以该属为研究对象，基于全面的取样，结合DNA Barcoding技术对微孔草属进行全面的分类修订，整合形态学和分子生物学证据，确定其系统演化位置，建立其属下分类系统，为紫草亚科乃至紫草科的分类学和系统发育研究积累数据；在此基础上，利用古植物学证据和通过基因序列间的分歧度及序列的平均置换速率推测该属的起源分化时间，重建类群的祖先分布区域，推测其演化传播路线，揭示其现代地理分布格局的成因，阐明青藏高原的隆升对物种形成的深刻影响；同时，也为进一步了解青藏高原地区生物多样性的形成、高寒地区植物的起源演化等研究提供新的资料。

中文关键词： 微孔草属；紫草科；DNA条形码；系统演化；生物地理学

英文摘要： The speciation processes of plants in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP) have been profoundly affected by QTP uplift.The rapid climate change of plateau may cause the radiations of small populations.And this is a hypothesis for the origin of taxon with great morphological variations. This project takes genus Microula Benth. as the object of study. The genus Microula Benth. is endemic to Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its adjacent region, and this genus is one of the largest genera of Boraginaceae in China. We will discuss the phylogeny and biogeography of Microula based on the research finding of morphology, leaf micromorphology, DNA barcodes, molecular systematics and field investigations. And a taxonomic revision of Microula will also be accomplished on the basis of thorough investigations of type and other specimens. This research will be very valuable for the study of Boraginaceae phylogeny and systematics. To examine the biogeography of Microula in relation to QTP uplift and consequent environmental change, we will conduct molecular dating analyses based on appropriate genes in Boraginaceae and in Microula. And a reconstruction of ancestral areas will be carried out. The origin and speciation process of Microula will be indicated from the chronogram of relaxed Bayesian BEAST and S-DIVA. This project will also provid

英文关键词： Microula；Boraginaceae；DNA barcoding；Phylogeny；Biogeography