仿牙周组织结构的多相支架构建及其诱导牙周再生的机制研究

项目名称： 仿牙周组织结构的多相支架构建及其诱导牙周再生的机制研究

项目编号： No.31500789

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 张曦木

作者单位： 重庆医科大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 牙周组织丧失是成年人失牙的主要原因，因其涉及牙槽骨、牙周膜和牙骨质软硬三种组织的有序排列，构建多相支架是组织工程诱导牙周再生的研究重点。申请人前期研获的高取向电纺纳米晶增强的全纤维素纳米纤维（ECCNN），轴向力学性能优良且能体外诱导牙囊干细胞（DFSCs）定向排列，加有BMP-2或纳米羟基磷灰石（nHA）的ECCNN具有诱导DFSCs成骨或成牙骨质分化的潜能，虽机制不明，但为制备牙周支架奠定了基础。本课题旨在构建仿牙周组织结构的多相支架并研究其作用机制。首先以ECCNN为基材，结合BMP-2或nHA分层制备骨、牙周膜和牙骨质支架，并体外研究各支架层对DFSCs朝不同牙周组织诱导分化的能力。然后通过在ECCNN上下切截面纺丝（分别含BMP-2或nHA）的方法制备“三明治”样牙周支架，并植入牙周缺损的动物体内，探索该支架诱导牙周再生的机制和效果。本研究有望为制备牙周支架提供新思路和新方法。

中文关键词： 牙周支架；牙周组织再生；牙囊干细胞；纤维素；静电纺丝

英文摘要： Periodontitis is the most common cause of teeth loss among adults and it is difficult to rebuild periodontal attachment through traditional treatment. Due to the complex structure of the periodontium, consisting of both soft (periodontal ligament) and hard (bone, cementum) tissues，fabrication of complex 3-dimensional multiphasic scaffold would be a focus of periodontal tissue engineering. The applicant has developed electrospun cellulose/CNCs nanocomposite nanofibers (ECCNN), which has remarkable physical properties along its long axis. Besides, the aligned nanofibers of ECCNN exhibite a strong effect on directing cellular organization. Moreover, dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) could be differentiated into osteoblasts or cementoblast by ECCNN with BMP-2 or nano hydroxyapatite(nHA). Though the mechanism is unclear, this laid the foundation for construction of periodontal mimic scaffolds. In this project, a periodontal mimic scaffold will be constructed and its functional mechanism will be investigated. Firstly, prepare bone and cement scaffold based on ECCNN, adding BMP-2 and nHA separately, and study their effects and mechanism on DFSCs differentiation for osteoblasts, fibroblasts and cementoblasts in vitro. Secondly, construct sandwich-like periodontal scaffold by electrospun on both sides of ECCNN (with BMP-2 or nHA separately). Then, implant this scaffold into periodontal defect animal in vivo, explore its mechanism of action. This study would shed some light on periodontal scaffold construction.

英文关键词： periodontal scaffolds;Periodontal regeneration;Dental follicle stem cells;cellulose;electrospun