双光子核酸荧光探针的研制及其在活细胞成像中的应用

项目名称： 双光子核酸荧光探针的研制及其在活细胞成像中的应用

项目编号： No.51303097

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 赵宁

作者单位： 山东省科学院

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 目前，双光子荧光显微镜在细胞和组织三维成像检测中缺乏优良双光子荧光探针的现状是一个亟待解决的问题。核酸是细胞中重要的生物大分子，其定量分析、特异识别对基因组学、病毒学、分子生物学等相关学科的发展具有十分重要的意义。本项目针对核酸开展包括DNA及RNA在内的双光子核酸荧光探针的制备及其细胞成像方面的研究工作。基于前期工作，本课题通过双光子DNA和RNA 荧光探针的设计、合成及表征，探索阳离子有机分子专一性识别DNA或RNA的内在规律、分子构型对专一性识别能力的影响，掌握DNA和RNA探针的调控机制，最终达到制备高性能核酸探针的目标。课题对双光子核酸荧光探针的结合诱导双光子荧光活性吸收截面及结合常数等性能提出了具体指标，双光子DNA荧光探针能够在动植物的固定及活细胞中准确成像细胞核，而双光子RNA荧光探针能够准确成像核仁区以及细胞质中的RNA。

中文关键词： 双光子；核酸荧光探针；DNA 探针；RNA 探针；活细胞成像

英文摘要： Currently, the status that two-photon fluorescence microscopy lacks of excellent two-photon fluorescence probes in the three-dimensional imaging detection of cells and tissues is an urgent problem to solve. The nucleic acids are important biological macromolecules in cells, and the quantitative analysis and specific recognition of nucleic acids have very important significance to the development of genomics, virology, molecular biology, and other related disciplines. This project involves the research work of the preparation and cell imaging of two-photon nucleic acids fluorescent probes, including DNA and RNA probes. On the basis of the preliminary work, we design, synthesize and characterize the two-photon DNA and RNA fluorescence probes, explore the inherent rules that cationic organic molecules specially recognize DNA or RNA and the influence of molecular configuration on specific recognition ability, master the regulation rules of DNA and RNA probes, and eventually reach the targets of producing high-performance nucleic acids probes. Concrete targets of properties of two-photon fluorescence probes have been proposed, such as the binding induced two-photon excited fluorescence action absorption cross section and binding constant. Two-photon DNA fluorescence probes could accurately image the cell nucleus in f

英文关键词： two-photon；nucleic acids fluorescent probes；DNA probes；RNA probes；living cell imaging