离心法气体纯化的理论和实验研究

项目名称： 离心法气体纯化的理论和实验研究

项目编号： No.11475095

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 周明胜

作者单位： 清华大学

项目金额： 110万元

中文摘要： 铀浓缩、稳定同位素的离心分离以及国民经济各个行业，对气体纯化有强烈的需求，为研究离心法在气体纯化领域的应用，本项目采取实验研究和理论优化相结合的方法，对气体离心机转子内部结构进行重新设计。首先根据强旋条件下的流体动力学原理提出纯化离心机基本结构，并进行原型实验验证。进而采用数值方法对其结构参数开展优化，同时研究强旋条件下气相混合物的传质过程，得到不同组分的气体混合物在不同条件下纯化效果的变化规律。气体的离心法纯化是一个比较新的领域，其纯化机理和纯化效果评价也是本项目的研究内容。通过本项目的研究，初步掌握纯化离心机的纯化机制、转子内部流动分布、以及纯化离心机内部结构参数的优化方法，为离心机在气体纯化方面的应用进行理论探索和技术储备。项目的实施将开辟离心法新的应用领域，提升我国离心技术的研究水平。

中文关键词： 离心法；气体纯化；纯化机制；结构优化；效果评价

英文摘要： Gas purification needs to be performed in uranium enrichment, stable isotopes separation and other industries. In order to study the application of centrifugation method for gas purification, this project focuses on redesigning the internal structure of gas centrifuge rotor, through both experimental and theoretical studies. At first, the basic structure of a purification centrifuge will be worked out based on the fluid dynamics method under strong spin conditions, and be proved by prototype experiment. Furthermore, the structural parameters will be optimized through numerical methods. At the same time, the mass transfer process of gas mixture under strong spin conditions will be investigated to obtain the changing regularity of gas purification effect of different components under different conditions. Gas purification by centrifugation method is a relatively new field. The study of purification mechanism and purification effect evaluation will be also carried out in this project. By this project, the purification mechanism of gas purification centrifuges, the flow distribution inside the rotor and the optimization method for the internal structural parameters will be preliminary mastered. This will contribute to the application of centrifuges in gas purification field by theoretical exploration and technical reserves. This project will open up a new field for the application of centrifugation method. And it will also improve Chinese centrifugation separation technique level.

英文关键词： Centrifugation method;gas purification;purification mechanism;optimization of internal structure;effect evaluation