典型污染区室内灰尘中铅砷人体生物有效性预测模型的构建与应用

项目名称： 典型污染区室内灰尘中铅砷人体生物有效性预测模型的构建与应用

项目编号： No.21507057

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 化学工业

项目作者： 历红波

作者单位： 南京大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 随着我国城市化和工业化的加快，室内灰尘铅砷污染日益严重，对人体健康造成重大危害。准确测定室内灰尘中铅砷的生物有效性成为其人体健康风险评价的重要理论依据。然而，目前测定生物有效性的动物活体实验费用高、耗时、不能满足大批量样品的测试需求。本项目以我国不同污染源室内灰尘为研究对象，以基于体外试验的生物有效性预测模型的构建及应用为研究目标。利用同步辐射X射线吸收技术表征不同污染源室内灰尘中铅砷的形态分布特征，揭示形态对其生物有效性的影响机制。选取不同铅砷形态的代表性样品，通过小鼠实验和体外胃肠液试验对比，建立两者间的线性相关性，确定体外试验方法在预测室内灰尘中铅砷生物有效性的适用性，构建基于体外试验的生物有效性预测模型，并采取多种交叉验证方法，验证建立模型的准确性。通过生物有效性模型的构建，综合评价典型污染区内室内灰尘中铅砷的人体健康风险，为我国室内灰尘中重金属健康风险评价提供理论依据和技术支持。

中文关键词： 重金属形态；生物有效性；室内灰尘；活体实验；体外试验

英文摘要： China is undergoing rapid urbanization and industrialization which give rise to lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) pollution in house dusts. Incidental ingestion of Pb and As contaminated house dust is a great threat to human health. Reliable estimates of Pb and As exposure via incidental dust ingestion depend on accurate quantification of the Pb and As fraction in house dust that can be absorbed into the systemic circulation, i.e., bioavailability. In vivo bioavailability studies using different animal models (e.g., swine and mouse) are time required, expensive, therefore not suitable for site-specific assessment. There is a great need to develop bioavailability predictive models for contaminated house dust by establishing linear relationships between in vivo and in vitro assays which are simple, rapid, and inexpensive. In the proposal, we will focus on house dusts contaminated with Pb and As via a number of different sources from China and aim to develop bioavailability predictive models and use them in human health risk assessment. We will use synchrotron radiation X ray absorption technique to examine Pb and As speciation in house dusts contaminated from different sources and investigate their influence on Pb and As bioavailability. Then, we will choose representive samples with different Pb and As speciation to develop bioavailability predictive models by establishing linear relationships between in vivo mouse and in vitro assays. Furthermore, we will validate the constructed predictive models through the assessment of an independent data set using the same mouse assay and in vitro assays and a number of cross validation methods. The predictive models will be used to predict Pb and As bioavailability from bioaccessibility data derived from in vitro assays. Human health risk of exposure to Pb and As via incidental ingestion of house dusts contaminated from different sources from China will be assessed based on Pb and As bioavailability.

英文关键词： heavy metal speciation;bioavailability;house dust;in vivo assay;in vitro assay